Suzbijanje šampinjonske mušice Lycoriella inguena (Dufour) bioinsekticidom na bazi azadirahtina
Sažetak
Ispitivan je uticaj botaničkog bioinsekticida na bazi azadirahtina (Ozoneem trishul 1 %) u regulaciju brojnosti šampinjonskih mušica iz fam. Sciaridae, u odnosu na komercijalnu formulaciju sintetičkog insekticida na bazi malationa (Etiol tečni). Eksperimenti su izvedeni u komercijalnom uzgajalištu šampinjona „Delta Danube“ d.o.o., Kovin, u tri odvojene komore za uzgajanje (B6, B7 i B8). Tretmani pokrivke su izvedeni u osam ponavljanja po potpuno slučajnom blok sistemu. Ispitivani bioinsekticid na bazi azadirahtina je primenjen u eksperimentalnoj komori B8, nakon postavljanja pokrivke i u intervalima od po sedam dana, četvorokratno (4 x 0,5 ml/m2). U komorama B6 i B7 su izvedena tretiranja pokrivke standardnim insekticidom na bazi malationa, dvokratno (2 x 0,3 ml/m2), trećeg i šetog dana od postavljanja pokrivke. U sve tri eksperimentalne komore za uzgajanje šampinjona, brojnost šampinjonske mušice je praćena pomoću žutih lepljivih klopki, koje su sakupljane svake nedelje i zamenjivane novim. Nakon toga, pregledane su u laboratoriji, gde je pod binokularom utvrđivano prisustvo i brojnost šampinjonskih mušica. U sve tri posmatrane komore, na žutim lepljivim klopkama zabeležena je samo jedna vrsta šampinjonske mušice, Lycoriella ingenua (Dufour)(Diptera: Sciaridae). Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da je prosečan broj mušica po briketu šampinjona, 15 i 22 dana nakon tretmana (DNT), bio statistički značajno manji u eksperimentalnoj komori B8, u odnosu na B7 i B6, dok se 30 i 36 DNT nije značajno razlikovao od prosečnog broja šampinjonskih mušica u kontrolnoj komori B6. Prosečan broj mušica po redu šampinjona, tokom čitavog eksperimentalnog perioda, bio je statistički značajno manji u eksperimentalnoj komori B8, u odnosu na kontrolne komore B6 i B7. Rezultati našeg istraživanja su pokazali da bioinsekticid na bazi azadirahtina, Ozoneem trishul 1 %, može smanjiti brojnost šampinjonske mušice L. ingenua, predstavljajući dobru alternativu konvencionalnom insekticidu, na bazi malationa.
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