Uticaj Ambrosia trifida na vegetativnu produkciju A. artemisiifolia
Sažetak
A. artemisiifolia (pelenasta ambrozija) i A. trifi da (trolisna ambrozija) predstavljaju dve veoma važne vrste korova koje se nalaze u invaziji u Srbiji u poljoprivrednim regionima. Kada se jave u većoj brojnosti, prinosi useva mogu biti značajno umanjeni ili potpuno uništeni. Za razliku od A. artemisiifolia, A. trifi da je lokalno prisutna u Centralnoj Bačkoj (Vojvodina) i očekuje se da se u budućnosti može još više proširiti. Polazeći od pretpostavke da bi u budućnosti distribucija A. trifi da mogla da zauzme veće razmere nego sada, cilj ovih
istraživanja bio je usmeren na ispitivanje interakcije između ovde dve vrste.
Eksperiment je izveden primenom modela zamenjujućih serija gde su vrste A. trifida/A. artemisiifollia po m2 bile u zadatom odnosu 10/0; 8/2; 4/6; 6/4; 2/8 i 0/10, u potpuno slučajnom blok sistemu u četiri ponavljanja. Vegetativni parametri (visina i suva masa) A. artemisiifolia izmereni su u julu, avgustu i septembru tokom dve godine (2016. i 2017.), a rezultati su analizirani u statističkom paketu SPSS 23.
U julu 2016. godine prosečna visina A. artemisiifolia bila je u rasponu između 35,00 i 50,40 cm, u avgustu od 68,00 do 95,50 cm i između 83,75 i 99,80 cm u septembru. U sledećoj sezoni (2017) te vrednosti kretale su se od 56,19 do 78,50 cm (jul), 98,38 do 125,50 cm (avgust) i od 111,19 do 148,50 cm (septembar).
Povećanje broja biljaka A. artemisiifolia i smanjenje A. trifi da po m2 prouzrokovalo je povećanje suve mase A. artemisiifolia po biljci. Suva masa A. artemisiifolia bila je u rasponu od 4,22 do 6,11 g/biljci (jul), 8,96 do 10,27 g/biljci (avgust) i 7,04 do 19,53 g/biljci (septembar). U sledećoj sezoni ove vrednosti kretale su se od 9,62 do 14,60 g/biljci, 14,37 do 28,90 g/biljci i 23,43 do 40,47 g/biljci u julu, avgustu i septembru.
Minimalne vrednosti vegetativnih parametara zabeležene su u tretmanu sa 2 biljke, a maksimalne u tretmanu sa 10 biljaka A. artemisiifolia/m2, što znači da je kod ove vrste izraženija interspecijska u poređenju sa intraspecijskom kompeticijom.
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