In vitro and in vivo toxicity of fungicides and biofungicides for the control of Verticillium and Fusarium wilt of pepper

Milica Mihajlović; Emil Rekanović; Jovana Hrustić; Mila Grahovac; Brankica Tanović

doi:10.2298//PIF2101023M

Milica Mihajlović Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine
Emil Rekanović Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, 11080 Beograd
Jovana Hrustić Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, 11080 Beograd
Mila Grahovac Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Trg Dositeja Obranovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad
Brankica Tanović Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Banatska 31b, 11080 Beograd

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298//PIF2101023M

Ključne reči: zemljišni patogeni biljaka, uvenuće, paprika, fungicidi, ulje čajnog drveta, Bacillus subtilis

Sažetak

U radu je ispitivana in vitro i in vivo osetljivost izolata Verticillium dahliae i Fusarium oxysporum na nekoliko komercijalnih fungicida i biofungicida. U in vitro testovima izolat V. dahliae je ispoljio visoku osetljivost na difenokonazol (EC50 = 0,02 mg/l). Međutim, u uslovima staklenika, najveća efikasnost na inokulisanim biljkama paprike utvrđena je kod preparata na bazi tiofanat-metila (83,10%). Među testiranim fungicidima, najniža efikasnost koja se nije statistički značajno razlikovala u poređenju sa inokulisanom i netretiranom kontrolom (p > 0,05), utvrđena je u tretmanu azoksistrobinom (23,10%). Prohloraz je bio najtoksičniji fungicid u laboratorijskim uslovima ispitivanja za izolat vrste F. oxysporum, sa vrednošću EC50 = 0,07 mg/l. U in vivo ispitivanjima najveća efikasnost utvrđena je kod preparata na bazi kaptana (95,60%), a najmanja u tretmanu tiofanat-metilom (54,40%). Antagonistička aktivnost biološkog preparata na bazi bakterije Bacillus subtilis u laboratorijskim uslovima nije bila zadovoljavajuća. Takođe je utvrđeno da biopreparat na bazi ulja čajnog drveta nije bio efikasan u suzbijanju uvenuća paprike čiji su prouzrokovači vrste V. dahliae i F. oxysporum.

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Efekti fungicida i biofungicida u uslovima in vitro i in vivo u suzbijanju verticilioznog i fuzarioznog uvenuća

Sažetak

Reference