Efekat nekih botaničkih insekticida i pimetrozina na životne parametre leptiraste vaši duvana Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Sažetak
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se proceni delovanje ekstrakta dve lekovite biljne vrste, Allium sativum (Linn) i Calotropis procera (Aiton), kao i formulacije azadirahtina na životne parametre leptiraste vaši duvana Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) gajene na biljkama paradajza u stakleniku. Delovanje je upoređeno sa sintetičkim insekticidom pimetrozinom. Biotest je urađen u stakleniku pod kontrolisanim uslovima, na temperaturi od 27 ± 2ºC, pri relativnoj vlažnosti 55 ± 5% i sa fotoperiodom 16:8 h (D:N).
Svi tretmani su imali značajan uticaj na preživljavanje i plodnost odraslih ženki leptiraste vaši duvana, smanjujući neto stopu reprodukcije, srednje vreme generacije i prirodnu stopu rasta ovog insekta.
Vrednosti neto stope reprodukcije [R0] za populaciju tretiranu ekstraktom belog luka, ekstraktom kalotropisa (sodomske ili mrtvomorske jabuke), pimetrozinom i azadirahtinom, kao i kontrolom za ekstrakte (etanol + destilovana voda) i kontrolom za pesticide (destilovana voda) bile su 23,58; 19,32; 10,78; 8,23; 49,66; 57.55; vrednosti prirodne stope rasta [rm] su bile 0,134; 0,139; 0,110; 0,090; 0,177; 0,178; srednje vreme generacije [T] bilo je 23,49; 21,23; 21,66; 23,50; 22,06; 22,69; vreme udvostručenja [DT] 5,14; 4,95; 6,27; 7,56; 3,91; 3,87; i konačna stopa rasta [λ] 1,144; 1,149; 1,116; 1,094; 1,193; 1,195; respektivno. Azadirahtin je imao najveće dejstvo na životne parametre leptiraste vaši duvana.
Rezultati ispitivanja su pokazali da biljni ekstrakti, iako nisu imali izraženo delovanje kao hemijski insekticidi, mogu biti efikasno upotrebljeni u suzbijanju štetnih insekata. Otuda su oni pogodni kao alternativa hemijskim insekticidima, a mogu se upotrebiti i sa azadirahtinom u integralnom upravljanju leptirastom vaši duvana.
Reference
Abou-fakhr Hammad, E.M. Nemer, N.M., Hawi, Z.K. and Hanna, L.T.: Responses of the sweetpotato whitefy, Bemisia tabaci, to the Chinaberry tree (Melia azedarach L.) and its extracts. Annals of Applied Biology, 137: 79-88, 2000b.
Abou-Fakhr Hammad, E.M., Zournajian, H. and Talhouk, S.: Efficacy of extracts of Melia azedarach L. callus, leaves and fruits against adults of the sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hom. Aleyrodidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 125: 483-488, 2001.
Abreu Junior, H.: Práticas alternativas de controle de pragas e doenças na agricultura. Campinas-SP: EMOPI, 1998, 115p.
Bechmann, R.K.: Use of life tables and LC50 tests to evaluate chronic and acute toxicity effects of copper on the marine copepod Tisbe furcata (Baird). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 13: 1509-1517, 1994.
Birch, L.C. : The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population. Journal of Animal Ecology, 17: 15-26, 1948.
Byrne, D.N., Hendrix, D.L. and Williams, L.H.: Presence of trehalulose and other oligosaccharides in hemipteran honeydew, particularly Aleyrodidae. Physiological Entomology, 28: 144-149, 2003.
Carey, J.R.: Applied demography for biologist with special emphasis on insects Oxford University press. NewYork. 1993, pp. 206.
Coudriet, D.L., Prabhaker, N. and Meyerdirk, D.E.: Sweetpotato whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae): Effects of neem-seed extract on oviposition and immature stages. Journal of Environmental Entomology, 14: 776-779, 1985.
Cubillo, D., Sanabria, G. and Hilje, L.: Evaluación de la mortalidad y repellency caused by insecticides comerciales y vegetales extracts on Bemisia tabaci. Man Integr. Plagas, 53, 65-71, 1999.
Daniels, R.E. and Allan, J.D.: Life table evaluation of chronic exposure to a pesticide. Canadian Journal of Fishery and Aquatic Science, 38: 485-494, 1981.
Daoubi, M., Deligeorgopoulou, A., Macias-Sanchez, A.J., Hermamdez- Galan, R., Hitchcock, P.B., Hanson J.R. and Collado, I.G.: Antifungal activity and biotransformation of diisophorone by Botrytiscinerea. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53: 6035-6039, 2005.
Darvas, B. and Polgar, L.A.: Novel-type insecticides: specificity and effects on nontarget organisms. In: Ishaaya, I., Degheele, D.(Eds.), Insecticides with Novel Modes of Action Mechanism and Application. Springer. Berlin. Heidelberg. 1998, pp. 188–259.
Dash, A.N., Mukherjee, S.K. and Sontakke, B.K.: Efficacy of some commercial neem formulations against major pests of rice and their safety to natural enemies. Pest Management and Economic Zoology, 1: 59-64, 2001.
De Barro, P.J., Trueman, J.W.H. and Frohlich, D.R.: Bemisia argentifolii is a race of B. tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): the molecular genetics differentiation of B. tabaci populations around the world. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 95:193–203, 2005.
De Barro, P.J., Liu, S.S., Boykin, L.M. and Dinsdale, A.: Bemisia tabaci: a statement of species status. Annual Review of Entomology, 56:1–19, 2011.
Dinsdale, A., Cook, L., Riginos, C., Buckley, Y.M. and De Barro, P.: Refined Global Analysis of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodoidea: Aleyrodidae) Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase 1 to Identify Species Level Genetic Boundaries. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 103: 196-208, 2010.
Fernandez, E., Gravalos, C., Haro, P.J., Cifuentes, D. and Bielza, P.: Insecticide resistance status of Bemisia tabaci Q-biotype in south-eastern Spain. Journal of Pest Management Science, 65: 885-891, 2009.
Forbes, V.E. and Calow, P.: Is the per capita rate of increase a good measure of population-level effects in ecotoxicology? Journal of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 18: 1544-1556, 1999.
Giridhar, G., Santosh, S. and Vasudevan, P.: Antitermitic properties of Calotropis latex. Pesticides, 22: 31–33, 1988.
Gomez, P., Cubillo, D., Mora, G.A., and Hilje, L.: Evaluación de posibles repelentes de Bemisia tabaci: II. Extractos vegetales. Manejo Integrado de Plagas (Costa Rica). 46: 17-25. 1997.
Greathead, A.H.: Host plants. In: Cock, M. J. W. [lEd], Bemisia tabaci a literature survey on the cotton whitefly with an annotated bibliography. CAB Int. Inst. Biological Control. Ascot, Berks., UK, 1986, pp. 17-26.
Hoddle, M.S., Van Driesche, R.G., Lyon, S. and Sanderson, J.P.: Compatibility of Insect Growth Regulators with Eretmocerus eremicus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) for Whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) Control on Poinsettias. Journal of Biological Control, 20: 122–131, 2001.
Hoelmer, K.A., Osborne, L.S. and Yokomi, R.K.: Effects of neem extracts on beneficial insects in greenhouse culture. In National Research Council 1992, Neem: a tree for solving global problems, p. 58. Washington DC: National Academy Press. 1990.
Horowitz, A.R. and Ishaaya, I.S.: Managing resistance to insect growth regulators in the sweetpotato whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 87: 866-871, 1994.
Horowitz, A.R., Kontsedalov, S. and Ishaaya, I.: Dynamics of resistance to the neonicotinoids acetamiprid and thiamethoxam in Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 97: 2051-2056, 2004.
Kim, H.G., Jeon, J.H., Kim, M.K. and Lee, H.S.: Pharmacological effects of asaronaldehyde isolated from Acorus gramineus rhizome. Food Science and Biotechnology, 14: 685-688, 2005.
Lovatto, P.B., Goetze, M. and Hermes Thomé, G.C.: Efeito de extratos de plantas silvestres da família Solanácea sobre o controle de Brevicoryne brassicae em couve (Brassica oleracea var. acephala). Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, 34: 971-978, 2004.
Lowery, D.T. and Isman, M.B.: Inhibition of aphid (Homoptera:Aleyrodidae) reproduction by neem seed oil and azadirachrin. Journal of Economic Entomology, 89: 602-607, 1996.
Meyer, J.S., Ingersoll, C.G., McDonald, L.L. and Boyce, M.S.: Estimating uncertainty in population growth rates: jack knife vs. bootstrap techniques. Journal of Ecology, 67: 1150-1166, 1986.
Narayanasamy. P.: Traditional knowledge of tribals in crop protection. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 5: 64-70, 2006.
Oliveira, M.R.V., Henneberry, T.J. and Anderson, P.: History, current status, and collaborative research projects for Bemisia tabaci. Journal of Crop Protection, 20: 709-723, 2001.
Omer, A.D., Leigh, T.F., Carey, J.R., Granett, J.: Demographic analysis of organophosphate-resistant and susceptible strains of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, on three cotton cultivars. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 65: 21-30, 1992.
Palumbo, J.C., Horowitz, A.R. and Prabhaker, N.: Insecticidal control and resistance management for Bemisia tabaci. Journal of Crop Protectiont, 20: 739-765, 2001.
Perring T.M.: The Bemisia tabaci species complex. Crop Protection, 20: 725–737, 2001.
Price, J.F., and Schuster, D.J.: Effects of natural and synthetic insecticides on sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and its hymenopterous parasitoids. Florida Entomologist, Gainesville, 74: 60-68, 1991.
Raguraman, S. and Rajasekaran, B.: Effect of neem products on insect pests of rice and the predatory spider. Madras Agricultural Journal, 83: 510-515, 1996.
Raguraman, S. and Singh, R.P.: Biological effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) seed oil on an egg parasitoid, Trichogramma chilonis. Journal of Economic Entomology, 92: 1274-1280, 1999.
Rajaei Shoorcheh, H., Kazemi, B., Manzari, S., Brown, J.K. and Sarafrazi, A.: Genetic variation and mtCOI phylogeny for Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae) indicate that the ‘B’ biotype predominates in Iran. Journal of Pest Sciense, 81: 199–206, 2008.
SAS Institute: SAS user's guide, version 8.2. 6th ed. SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC, USA. 2001.
Saxena, R.C.: Neem seed derivatives for management of rice insect pests: a review of recent studies. In Proceedings of the 3rd lnternational Neem Conference, Nairobi, Kenya, 1987, 81-93.
Saxena, R.C.: Insecticides from neem, 110-135. In: Insecticides of Plant Origin (Arnason T., Philogene B. J. R., Morand P., Eds). ACS Symp. Ser. 1989, 387.
Schmutterer, H.: Properties and potential of natural pesticides from the neem tree Azadirachta indica. Annual Review of Entomology, 35: 271-297, 1990.
Silva, L.D., Bleicher, E. and Araújo, A.C.: Eficiência de azadiractina no controle de mosca-branca em meloeiro sob condições de casa de vegetação e de campo. Journal of Hortic. Bras, 21: 198-201, 2003.
Stark, J.D. and Banks, J.E.: Population-level effects of pesticides and other toxicants on arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology, 48: 505-519, 2003.
Stark, J.D., Vargas, R. and Banks, J.E.: Incorporating ecologically relevant measures of pesticide effect for estimating the compatibility of pesticides and biocontrol agents. Journal of Economic Entomology, 100: 1027-1032, 2007.
Vogel, A.L. Text Book of Practical-Organic Chemistry. The English Language Book Society and Langman London, 1978, 1363 p.
Abou-fakhr Hammad, E.M. Nemer, N.M., Hawi, Z.K. and Hanna, L.T.: Responses of the sweetpotato whitefy, Bemisia tabaci, to the Chinaberry tree (Melia azedarach L.) and its extracts. Annals of Applied Biology, 137: 79-88, 2000b.
- Autori zadržavaju autorska prava i pružaju časopisu pravo prvog objavljivanja rada i licenciraju ga "Creative Commons Attribution licencom" koja omogućava drugima da dele rad, uz uslov navođenja autorstva i izvornog objavljivanja u ovom časopisu.
- Autori mogu izraditi zasebne, ugovorne aranžmane za neekskluzivnu distribuciju članka objavljenog u časopisu (npr. postavljanje u institucionalni repozitorijum ili objavljivanje u knjizi), uz navođenje da je članak izvorno objavljen u ovom časopisu.
- Autorima je dozvoljeno i podstiču se da postave objavljeni članak onlajn (npr. u institucionalni repozitorijum ili na svoju internet stranicu) pre ili tokom postupka prijave rukopisa, s obzirom da takav postupak može voditi produktivnoj razmeni ideja i ranijoj i većoj citiranosti objavljenog članka (Vidi Efekti otvorenog pristupa).