Biljne vaši (Hemiptera: Aphididae) na lucerki u Srbiji: sezonska dinamika i štetnost
Sezonska dinamika biljnih vaši lucerke
Sažetak
Lucerka je najvažnija krmna leguminoza i jedan od najčešće gajenih useva u Srbiji. Biljne vaši (Hemiptera: Aphididae) su jedne od ekonomski najznačajnijih štetočina ove gajene biljke. Tri vrste biljnih vaši: Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis craccivora i Therioaphis trifolii se razvijaju i nanose štete na usveima lucerke u Srbiji. Najbrojnija vrsta T. trifolii, prilagođena višim temperaturama, je dominantna tokom letnjih meseci, dok je A. pisum, vrsta prilagođena nižim temperaturama, dominantna tokom proleća. Takođe, u Srbiji je, usled povećanja temperatura, registrovan porast brojnosti vrste T. trifolii i smanjenje brojnosti A. pisum. Aphis craccivora je ekonomski manje značajna vaš na lucerki koja se retko javlja u većoj brojnosti. Ovaj rad objedinjuje postojeće podatke o tri vrste biljnih vaši koje su štetne na lucerki, uključujući njihovu morfologiju, biologiju, sezonsku dinamiku, štetnost, kao i uticaj temperature vazduha na njihov razvoj.
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