Vijabilnost starih semena poljoprivredno značajnih korovskih vrsta
Sažetak
Prisustvo banke semena je podjednako važno za poljoprivrednu praksu i oblast bioloških
invazija. U poljoprivredi vitalnost semena predstavlja borbu protiv korova, a u oblasti invazivne biologije to je signal invazivnog potencijala vrste. Uzimajući u obzir smanjenje prinosa zbog prisustva vrsta Amaranthus retroflexus, Abutilon teophrasti, Chenopodium album i Datura stramonium u poljoprivrednoj praksi i značaj invazije Ambrosia trifida u Evropi, cilj rada je bio da se ispita vitalnost i dugovečnost starih semena navedenih ekonomski značajnih vrsta. Urađena su tri testa za proveru vitalnosti/dugovečnosti semena: test gnječenja, test klijanja u Petri posudama i tetrazolijum test (3,5 trifeniltetrazolijum hlorid-TTC). Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali velike varijacije potencijala klijavosti. Najveća vitalnost je utvrđena za seme A.retroflexus starog 7 godina (41,67%), zatim semena A. teophrasti starog 16 godina (17,78%), trinaestogodišnjeg semena C. album (15%) i sedamnaestogodišnjeg semena D. stramonium (7,5%). Takođe, utvrđena je izuzetna vitalnost semena testiranih vrsta (osim A. trifida) starog više od pola veka. Zabeležena je klijavost 49 godina starog semena D. stramonium, 53 godina starog semena A. retroflexus, 58 godina starog semena A. teophrasti i 59 godina starog semena C. album, čime se potvrđuje njihova perzistentnot u životnoj sredini.
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