Fitotoksičnost hlorpirifosa za slačicu (Sinapis alba L.) i kukuruz (Zea mays L.): potencijalne indikatore prisustva insekticida u vodi

  • Sonja M Gvozdenac Univerzitet u Novi Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Departman za fitomedicinu i zastitu zivotne sredine
  • Dušanka Inđić University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Serbia, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, Novi Sad
  • Slavica Vuković University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Agriculture, Serbia, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, Novi Sad
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/pif.v28i4.4838
Ključne reči: Zea mays L.||, ||Zea mays L., Sinapis alba L.||, ||Sinapis alba L., Water||, ||Voda, Phytotoxicity||, ||Fitotoksičnost, Chlorpyrifos||, ||Hlorpirifos,

Sažetak


Insekticid hlopririfos prema Direktivi 2008/105/EC svrstan je među prioritetne polutante vode i takođe značajan polutant životne sredine. Njegovo prisustvo se detektuje uglavnom  hemijskim metodama, međutim biološki testovi sve više dobijaju na značaju u poslednjih nekoliko godina te je cilj ovog rada bila procena potencijala bele slačice (Sinapis alba L.) i kukuruza (Zea mays L.) kao bioindikatora kontaminacije vode. Fitotoksični efekti hlopririfosa (količine 0,05-10µg a.m./l vode) su procenjeni preko fizioloških (energija klijanja i klijavost) i morfoloških parametara (dužina korena i izdanka, sveža i suva masa korena i izdanka) ispitivanih vrsta. Korišćena je modifikovana metoda na filtar hartiji. Podaci su obrađeni Dankanovim testom višestrukih poređenja i Probit analiza pri određivanju toksičnosti (EC50). Prema pomenutoj Direktivi, maksimalno dozvoljena količina (MAC) hlorpirofosa u vodi je 0,1µg a.m./l vode. Pri primeni hlorpirifosa u MAC količini, energija klijanja i klijavost semena bele slačice (11,25%) su bile značajno inhibirane u poređenju sa kontrolom (91,5; 93,5%) dok je formiranje hipokotila i epikotila izostalo. U količini 50% nižoj do MAC (0,05 µg a.m. /l), energija klijanja i klijavost (87,75; 88,25%) su u poređenju sa kontrolom bile značajno smanjene, kao i dužina korena i izdnka ponika. Hlorpirifos nije uticao na energiju klijanja i klijavost semena kukuruza, dok su morfološki parametri bili značajno smanjeni već pri primeni inskticida u količini od 0,1µg a.m./l. Toksičnost hlorpirifosa, to jest EC50 za klijavost semena bele slačice je iznosila 0,09 µg a.m./l, a za kukuruz 3,21 µg a.m./l vode.

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Objavljeno
2014/01/23
Kako citirati
Gvozdenac, S. M., Inđić, D., & Vuković, S. (2013). Fitotoksičnost hlorpirifosa za slačicu (Sinapis alba L.) i kukuruz (Zea mays L.): potencijalne indikatore prisustva insekticida u vodi. Pesticides and Phytomedicine / Pesticidi I Fitomedicina, 28(4). https://doi.org/10.2298/pif.v28i4.4838
Broj časopisa
Vol. 28 Br. 4 (2013): Pesticidi i fitomedicina
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