Demografic analysis of biopesticide effects on the two-spotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) following egg treatment

Irena S Međo

doi:10.2298/PIF2403071M

Irena S Međo Institut za pesticide i zaštitu životne sredine, Laboratorija za primenjenu entomologiju

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/PIF2403071M

Ključne reči: T. urticae, B. bassiana, azadirahtin, oksimatrin, subletalni efekti, životne tabele

Sažetak

Efekti biopesticidnih proizvoda na bazi oksimatrina, azadirahtina i Beauveria bassiana
(soj ATCC 74040) na demografske parametre grinja paučinara, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), procenjeni su u laboratorijskim testovima. Biopesticidni proizvodi su primenjeni prskanjem jaja starih 24 sata, koja su bila položena na listovima pasulja, koristeći sledeće koncentracije: 50 μl/l (proizvod na bazi oksimatrina), 0.75 g/l (proizvod na bazi azadirachtina) i 3 ml/l (proizvod na bazi B. bassiana). Ove koncentracije su bile unutar 95% granica poverenja LC50 vrednosti procenjenih u ogledima akutne toksičnosti. Grinje koje su se izlegle iz tretiranih jaja završile su svoj juvenilni razvoj na istim listovima, tj. toksični efekat je izazvan direktnim tretmanom i residualnim izlaganjem. Kada su preživele ženke ušle u period preovipozicije, kohorte od 40 kontrolnih i 40 tretiranih ženki premeštene su na netretirane listove (1 ženka/disk). Ženke su svakodnevno premeštane na nove diskove
dok poslednja ženka nije uginula. Na osnovu podataka o njihovoj starosno specifičnom preživljavanju i starosno specifičnoj plodnosti (stvaranje ženskih potomaka), procenjeni su sledeći demografski parametri: bruto reproduktivna stopa (GRR), neto reproduktivna stopa (R0), intrinzična stopa rasta (rm), konačna stopa rasta (λ) i prosečno vreme generacije (T). Biopesticidi su značajno uticali na demografske parametre kod ženki koje su preživele tretman. Sva tri biopesticida su značajno smanjila vrednosti GRR i R0. U ogledu sa proizvodima na bazi oksimatrina i azadirahtina, vrednosti rm i λ smanjene su za 22% i 5%, odnosno 16% i 4%, zbog smanjenog preživljavanja i plodnosti, kao i produženog vremena juvenilnog razvoja
preživelih ženki u poređenju sa kontrolom. U ogledu sa proizvodom na bazi B. bassiana, vrednosti rm i λ smanjene su za 7% i 2%, uglavnom zbog smanjenog preživljavanja tretiranih ženki. Proizvodi na bazi oksimatrina i azadirahtina značajno su produžili, dok je proizvod na bazi B. bassiana smanjio vrednosti T.

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Demografska analiza delovanja biopesticida na običnu grinju paučinara (Acari: Tetranychidae) nakon tretmana jaja

Sažetak

Reference