Ocenjivanje efikasnosti neonikotinoida protiv tri vrste biljnih vaši i njihovih prirodnih neprijatelja u poljskim ogledima u pšenici u Ismailiji, Egipat

  • Mahmoud Farag Mahmoud Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia
  • Mohamed A.M. Osman Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia
  • Kariman M. Mahmoud Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia
Ključne reči: Neonicotinoids||, ||Neonikotinoidi, Foliar application||, ||Folijarna primena, Seed treatment||, ||Tretman semena, Aphids||, ||Biljne vaši, Predators||, ||Predatori, Wheat||, ||Pšenica, Egypt||, ||Egipat,

Sažetak


Biljne vaši su najvažniji štetni organizmi u usevima pšenice u Egiptu, kao i širom sveta.
Postavljeni su poljski ogledi kako bi se ocenila efikasnost neonikotinoidnih insekticida
imidakloprida (Nufidor 60% FS; u dozama primene od 2.1, 1.05 i 0.525 g a.m./kg semena) i tiametoksama (Cruiser 70% WS; u dozama 14.4, 7.2 i 3.6 g a.m./kg semena) kao semenskih tretmana, kao i tiametoksama (Actara 25% WG; u dozama 0.1, 0.05 i 0.025 g a.m./l) primenjenog folijarno protiv tri vrste biljnih vaši: sremzine lisne vaši Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), zelene vaši Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) i lisne vaši Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch). Proučavan je i njihov uticaj na prirodne neprijatelje biljnih vaši: zlatooke kukce Chrysoperla carnea Stephens, bubamare Coccinella spp. i osolike muve Syrphus spp. Ogledi su izvedeni na poljima Poljoprivrednog fakulteta Univerziteta Suez Canal, Ismailia, tokom sezona 2013/14 i 2014/15. Rezultati su pokazali značajne razlike između ispitivanih insekticida pri svim koncentracijama, kao i da su preporučene doze svih insekticida bile efikasnije od polovine i četvrtine doza u suzbijanju biljnih vaši na pšenici. Takođe, podaci su pokazali značajne razlike između dva tretmana semena pri svim dozama pre i nakon folijarne primene, u poređenju sa
kontrolom, u svim intervalima ocenjivanja prosečnog broja biljnih vaši na biljkama pšenice, od treće do trinaeste nedelje nakon setve, osim osam nedelja nakon tretmana semena, a pre folijarne aplikacije. Rezultati su jasno pokazali da su nedeljna redukcija zaraženosti, kao i opšta efikasnost, bile veće pri preporučenim dozama preparata Nufidor, Cruiser i Actara nego pri polovini i četvrtini doze tokom obe sezone. Takođe, smanjenje infestacije opadalo je do osme nedelje, kada je insekticid Actara primenjen raspršivanjem. Podaci su pokazali da nije bilo značajne razlike između tretmana i kontrole u pogledu prosečnog broja jedinki Chrysoperla carnea i Syrphus spp., dok je u prosečnom broju bubamara bilo razlike na pšenici treatiranoj imidaklopridom pre folijarnog tretmana 6 i 7 nedelja nakon setve, kao i nakon folijarnog tretmana tiametoksamom 9, 10, 11, 12 i 13 nedelja nakon setve. Što se
tiče semenskog tretmana tiametoksamom, značajne razlike su otkrivene kod populacije bubamara na pšenici 3, 4, 7 i 8 nedelja pre folijarnog tretmana i samo u desetoj nedelji nakon zaprašivanja tiametoksamom.

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Objavljeno
2017/06/05
Kako citirati
Mahmoud, M. F., Osman, M. A., & Mahmoud, K. M. (2017). Ocenjivanje efikasnosti neonikotinoida protiv tri vrste biljnih vaši i njihovih prirodnih neprijatelja u poljskim ogledima u pšenici u Ismailiji, Egipat. Pesticides and Phytomedicine / Pesticidi I Fitomedicina, 32(1). https://doi.org/10.2298/pif.v32i1.11247
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