Influence of growing measures on weed interference and water status in maize

Milena Simić; Vesna Dragičević; Milan Brankov

doi:10.2298/pif.v32i2.13929

Milena Simić Insitut za kukuruz Zemun Polje, S. Bajića 1, 11185 Zemun Polje
Vesna Dragičević Insitut za kukuruz Zemun Polje, S. Bajića 1, 11185 Zemun Polje
Milan Brankov Insitut za kukuruz Zemun Polje, S. Bajića 1, 11185 Zemun Polje

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/pif.v32i2.13929

Ključne reči: Weeds||, ||Korovi, Maize||, ||Kukuruz, Row space||, ||Međuredno rastojanje, Herbicides||, ||Herbicidi, Water||, ||Voda,

Sažetak

Gajenje novostvorenih hibrida kukuruza uz smanjeno međuredno rastojanje i primenu
đubriva i herbicida, daje prednost usevu u odnosu na korove. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita uticaj forme azotnog đubriva, međurednog rastojanja i primene herbicida na biomasu korova i kukuruza i status vode, kao i na prinos zrna kukuruza.

Istraživanje je sprovedeno u Institutu za kukuruz Zemun Polje, Beograd, tokom 2014-
2016. godine. Hibrid kukuruza ZP388 je sejan uz primenu standardne i spororazgradive uree. U okviru svake forme azotnog đubriva, kukuruz je gajen u međurednom rastojanju od 70 cm i smanjenom rastojanju od 50 cm, uz primenu kombinacije herbicida posle setve a pre nicanja (T) i bez primene herbicida, kontrola (C). Setva je obavljana u drugoj dekadi aprila u 2014, 2015 i 2016. godini. Šest nedelja posle primene herbicida, merena je sveža masa korova sa površine od 1 m2 i nadzemna masa 10 biljaka kukuruza po svakoj varijanti, zatim su biljke korova i useva sušene u laboratorijskoj sušnici, nakon čega je izmerena njihova suva masa. Sadržaj vode (%) u biljkama korova i kukuruza je određen iz odnosa sveže i suve mase. Prinos kukuruza je meren na kraju vegetacionog perioda i obračunat sa 14% vlage u zrnu. Svi dobijeni podaci su statistički obrađeni analizom varijanse (ANOVA).

Sveža i suva masa korova su bile značajno (P>0.05) veće u kontrolnoj nego u herbicidima tretiranoj varijanti, dok se sadržaj vode u biljkama nije značajno razlikovao između ova dva tretmana. Međuredno rastojanje i forma azotnog đubriva nisu uticali na pojavu značajnih razlika u merenim parametrima korova. U vezi sa navedenim, sveža i suva masa kukuruza kao i sadržaj vode u biljkama, su bili veći na tretiranoj u odnosu na kontrolnu površinu ali razlike nisu bila satistički značajne. Sveža masa kukuruza je u izvesnom stepenu bila veća pri međurednom rastojanju od 50 cm i nakon primene spororazgradive uree, dok je prinos zrna kukuruza bio veći na međurednom rastojanju od 70 cm i nakon primene spororazgradive uree i herbicida.

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Uticaj sistema gajenja na zastupljenost korova i status vode u kukuruzu

Sažetak

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