Subletalni efekti imidakloprida na parazitoida bele leptiraste vaši Encarsia formosa Gahan
Sažetak
Akutna toksičnosti preparata na bazi imidakloprida (Confidor 200 SL) po stadijum lutke
parazitoida Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) i efekti na parametre životne istorije i populacioni rast preživelih ženki parazitoida komercijalizovane („Dutch“ rase, D) i dve lokalne populacije iz Srbije (Bujanovac, B; Negotin, N) utvrđivani su u laboratorijskim uslovima. Svi ogledi su izvedeni na temperaturi 27±1°C i relativnoj vlažnosti vazduha od 60±10%, uz fotoperiod 16:8h, u četiri ponavljanja. U biotestu akutne toksičnosti, listovi duvana sa lutkama parazitoida tretirani su serijom simetrično raspoređenih koncentracija (800, 400, 200, 100, 50 i 25 mg a.m./l) u rasponu koji pokriva 10-90% smrtnosti. Preparat na bazi imidakloprida, primenjen direktno na lutke parazitoida, u srednjim letalnim koncentracijama (LC50) dobijenim u testovima akutne toksičnosti (30 mg/l, 20 mg/l i 25 mg/l, za B, N i D, respektivno), značajno je uticao na preživljavanje ženki iz tretiranih lutki, produžio je dužinu juvenilnog razvića (1.81, 1.59 i 1.73 dana, za B, N i D, respektivno), značajno redukovao ukupni parazitizam ženki D (25.92 %), ukupnu pojavu adulta ženki B (27.48 %) i D (17.92 %) i statistički značajno redukovao samo trenutnu stopu rasta ženki N (4.23 %). S obzirom na visoku akutnu toksičnosti preparata na bazi imidakloprida po stadijum lutke parazitoida, i značajne redukcije životnih i populacionih parametara, imidakloprid se ne smatra kompatibilnim za zajedničku primenu sa parazitoidom E. formosa. Tačna determinacija rizika primene ovog preparata, zahteva njegovo dalje testiranje u poljskim uslovima. Razmatrane su mogućnosti praktične primene dobijenih rezultata u okviru integralnog koncepta zaštite biljaka od bele leptiraste vaši.
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