ДЕЧЈИ ПОДАЦИ И ОНЛАЈН ПРИВАТНОСТ-ОДРАСТАЊЕ У ДИГИТАЛНО ДОБА
Sažetak
У дигиталној ери постоји безброј безбедносних проблема са којима се малолетници суочавају, али заштита приватности и података један је од главних изазова које законодавци треба да реше. Истраживања су показала да су права детета, посебно приватност деце, регулисана великим бројем међународних прописа. На европском нивоу, право на приватност и право на заштиту података обезбеђени су како у оквиру Савета Европе тако и у оквиру Европске уније. Релевантни закон у Сједињеним Државама је Закон о заштити приватности деце на мрежи, који спроводи Федерална комисија за трговину. Утврђено је да је најчешће кршење података и приватности деце онлајн дељење, као и пракса прикупљања података мобилних апликација. Приватност деце на интернету може се побољшати бољом комуникацијом родитеља и деце у вези са коришћењем интернета, едукацијом деце о сајбер безбедности и онлајн претњама, коришћењем софтвера за родитељску контролу, инсталирањем антивирусних програма на уређаје које деца користе и слично.
Reference
Autenrieth, Ulla. 2018. “Family photography in a networked age: Anti-sharenting as a reaction to risk assessment and behaviour adaption.” In Digital Parenting: The Challenges for Families in the Digital Age, by Giovanna Mascheroni, Christina Ponte and Ana Jorge, 219-231. Gothenburg: University of Gothenburg.
Barnes, Susan. 2006. “A privacy paradox: Social networking in the United States .” First Monday 11 (9). Accessed July 17, 2022. doi:https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v11i9.1394.>
Boban, Marija. 2012. “The right to privacy and the right to access information in the modern information society.” Collected papers of the Law Faculty of the University of Split 49: 581-582.
Bošković, Milo. 2017. Leksikon bezbednosti. Novi Sad: Službeni glasnik.
Brosch, Ana. 2018. “Sharenting – Why Do Parents Violate Their Children’s Privacy?” The New Educational Review 54: 75-85. Accessed March 11, 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.15804/tner.2018.54.4.06.>
Caglar, Cansu. 2021. “Children’s Right to Privacy and Data Protection. Does the Article on Conditions Applicable to Child’s Consent Under the GDPR Tackle the Challenges of the Digital Era or Create Further Confusion?” European Journal of Law and Technology 12 (2). Accessed March 01, 2023. https://ejlt.org/index.php/ejlt/article/view/828.>
Case of K.U. v. Finland. 2009. 2872/02 (ECHR, March 02). Accessed March 02, 2023. https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/fre#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-89964%22]}.>
Case of Liberty and Others v. the United Kingdom. 2008. 58243/00 (European Court of Human Rights, July 01). Accessed March 06, 2022. https://data.guardint.org/en/entity/fmhlxe4x91l?page=1.>
2000. Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. December 18. Accessed March 10, 2023. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/charter/pdf/text_en.pdf.>
Cho, Hichang, Rivera Rivera-Sanchez, and Lim Sun Sun. 2009. “A Multinational Study on Online Privacy: Global Concern and Local Responses.” New Media & Society 11: 395-416.
Committee of Ministers. 2014. “ Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers to member States on a Guide to human rights for Internet users (Adopted by the Committee of Ministers on 16 April 2014 at the 1197th meeting of the Ministers’ Deputies).” Council of Europe Committee of Ministers . April 16. Accessed March 05, 2023. https://search.coe.int/cm/Pages/result_details.aspx?ObjectID=09000016804d5b31.>
—. 2008. “Declaration of the Committee of Ministers on protecting the dignity, security and privacy of children on the Internet.” Council of Europe Committee of Ministers. February 20. Accessed March 05, 2023. https://search.coe.int/cm/Pages/result_details.aspx?ObjectID=09000016805d3d2d.>
COPPA. 1998. Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998. Accessed March 15, 2023. http://euro.ecom.cmu.edu/program/law/08-732/Regulatory/coppa.pdf.>
Council of Europe. 2018. July 04. Accessed March 02, 2023. https://rm.coe.int/CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/DisplayDCTMContent?documentId=09000016808b79f7.>
—. 2016. “Council of Europe.” Council of Europe Strategy for the Rights of the Child (2016-2021). Accessed March 05, 2023. file:///D:/DOWNLOADS/017916GBR_StrategyChildren2016_2021.pdf.
—. n.d. “Council of Europe.” Modernisation of Convention 108. Accessed March 08, 2023. https://www.coe.int/en/web/data-protection/convention108/modernised#.>
Diggelmann, Oliver, and Maria Nicole Cleis. 2014. “How the Right to Privacy Became a Human Right.” Human Rights Law Review 14 (3): 441. Accessed July 16, 2022. doi:10.1093/hrlr/ngu014.
Dimitrijević, Predrag. 2014. Pravo informacione tehnologije. Niš: Pravni fakultet u Nišu.
European Union. 2018. GDPR. April 27. Accessed March 10, 2023. https://gdpr-info.eu/.>
Garfinkel, Simson. 2000. Database Nation : The Death of Privacy in the 21st Century . Edited by Deborah Russel. Beijing: O’Reilly & Associates, Inc., 101 Morris Street, Sebastopol, CA 95472. http://index-of.co.uk/Misc/O%27Reilly%20Database%20Nation%20The%20Death%20of%20Privacy%20in%20the%2021st%20Century.pdf.>
Gesley, Jenny. 2021. Children’s Online Privacy and Data Protection in Selected European Countries. Library of Congress, 6-11. Accessed March 10, 2023. https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/llglrd/2021680641/2021680641.pdf.>
Holman, W., and Jr. Jenkins. 2010. Google and the Search for the Future. August 14. Accessed March 12, 2023. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704901104575423294099527212.>
Hsu, Hua. 2019. The New Yorker. September 11. Accessed March 10, 2023. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/instagram-facebook-and-the-perils-of-sharenting.>
Jovanović, Svetlana. 2014. Privatnost i zaštita podataka na internetu. Beograd, Srbija: Министарство унутрашњих послова Републике Србије.
Krasznay, Csaba, Judit Racz-Nagy, and Laszlo Dora . 2020. “Privacy Challenges in Children’s Online Presence – From the Developers’ Perspective.” Central and Eastern European eDem and eGov Days 2020. Budapest. 149-158. Accessed March 10, 2023. https://ibn.idsi.md/vizualizare_articol/106820.>
Krotz, Friedrich, and Andreas Hepp. 2011. “A concretization of mediatization: How ‘mediatization works’ and why mediatized worlds are a helpful concept for empirical mediatization research.” Empedocles European Journal for the Philosophy of Communication 3 (2): 137-152. Accessed March 05, 2023. doi:10.1386/ejpc.3.2.137_1.
Kurland, Philip. 1976. “The Private.” University of Chicago Magazine (The University of Chicago) 69 (1): 8.
Mascheroni, Giovanna . 2018. “Datafied childhoods: Contextualising datafication in everyday life.” Current Sociology 68 (6): 798-813. doi:10.1177/0011392118807534.
Mccann, Duncan. 2021. The billion-dollar business of surveillance advertising to kids. May. Accessed March 10, 2023. https://neweconomics.org/uploads/files/i-Spy__NEF.pdf.>
Mikulić v. Croatia Judgment. 2002. 53176/99 (European Court of Human Rights, February 7). Accessed March 06, 2022. http://www.aimjf.org/storage/www.aimjf.org/Jurisprudence_CEDU/CASE_OF_MIKULIC_v._CROATIA.pdf.>
Milkaite , Ingrida, and Eva Lievens. 2019. “Children’s Rights to Privacy and Data Protecton Aroundthe World: Challenges in the Digital Realm.” European Journal of Law and Technology 10 (1). https://ejlt.org/index.php/ejlt/article/view/674/913.>
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. 1988. CCPR General Comment No. 16: Article 17 (Right to Privacy) The Right to Respect of Privacy, Family, Home and Correspondence, and. New York, April 08. Accessed March 06, 2022. file:///D:/DOWNLOADS/453883f922.pdf.
Pixalate. 2022. Mobille apps: Google v. Apple COPPA Scorecard (Children’s Privacy). Accessed March 12, 2022. https://www.pixalate.com/hubfs/Reports_and_Documents/Mobile%20Reports/2022/App%20Reports/Active%20Apps/Child-Directed%20Apps/Q1%202022%20-%20Apple%20vs.%20Google%20COPPA%20Scorecard%20Report%20-%20Pixalate.pdf.>
Pretty v. United Kingdom Judgment. 2002. 2346/02 (European Court of Human Rights, April 29). Accessed March 06, 2022. https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-60448%22]}.>
Ranzini, Giulia, Gemma Newlands, and Christoph Lutz. 2020. “Sharenting, Peer Influence, and Privacy Concerns: A Study on the Instagram-Sharing Behaviors of Parents in the United Kingdom.” Social Media + Society. Accessed March 12, 2023. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/205630512097837.>
Sarat, Ostin. 2015. A World without Privacy (What Law can and should Do?). Cambridge: Cambirdge University Press.
Shah, Mahmood. 2013. “Online Social Networks: Privacy Threats and Defenses.” In Security and Privacy Preserving in Social Networks, by Richard Chbeir and Bechara Al Bouna, 47-71. Vienna: Springer. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0894-9.>
Sinđelić, Žarko. 2012. Pravo na privatnost-krivičnopravni, krivičnoprocesni i kriminalistički aspekti (Doctoral dissertation), p. 9. Belgrade, Serbia. http://doiserbia.nb.rs/phd/fulltext/BG20120704SINDJELIC.pdf.>
Štareikė, Eglė. 2022. “Features of the Legal Regulation Ensuring the Right of Minors to Private Life and the Protection of Personal Data.” Research Journal Public Security and Public Order 30: 171-185.
UNCRC. 2021. “General comment No. 25 (2021) on children’s rights in relation to the digital environment.” United Nations. March 02. Accessed March 01, 2023. https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/general-comments-and-recommendations/general-comment-no-25-2021-childrens-rights-relation.>
UNICEF. 2019. Growing up in the connected world. Accessed March 05, 2023. https://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/pdf/GKO%20Summary%20Report.pdf.>
United Nations. 1989. “Convention on the Rights of the Child text .” Unicef . Accessed March 01, 2023. https://www.unicef.org/child-rights-convention/convention-text.>
United Nations General Assembly. 2013. The right to privacy in the digital age. New York, November 20. Accessed March 06, 2022. file:///D:/DOWNLOADS/A_C-3_68_L-45_Rev-1-EN.pdf.
United Nations General Assembly. 2014. The Right to privacy in the Digital Age. New York, June 30. Accessed March 19, 2022. https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G14/088/54/PDF/G1408854.pdf?OpenElement.>
United Nations General Assembly. 2015. The right to privacy in the digital age: resolution. United Nations. Accessed December 29, 2020. file:///C:/Users/S&B/AppData/Local/Temp/A_RES_69_166-EN.pdf.
United Nations. 2018. “UNESCO .” UNESCO welcomes new UNHRC Resolution highlighting online freedom of expression and noting UNESCO Internet Universality Indicator Framework. July 09. Accessed March 01, 2023. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/unesco-welcomes-new-unhrc-resolution-highlighting-online-freedom-expression-and-noting-unesco.>
Verdoodt, Valerie, Damian Clifford, and Eva Lievens. 2016. “Toying with children’s emotions, the new game in town? The legality of advergames in the EU.” Computer Law & Security Review 32 (4): 599-614. Accessed March 10, 2023. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0267364916300851.>
Warren, Samuel, and Louis Brandais. 1890. “The Right to Privacy.” Harvard Law Review.
Zhao, Fangwei , Serge Egelman, Heidi Weeks, Niko Kaciroti, Alison Miller , and Jenny Radesky. 2020. “Data Collection Practices of Mobile Applications Played by Preschool-Aged Children .” JAMA Pediatrics 174 (12). Accessed March 12, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.3345.
