ODLUKA FEJSBUKOVOG NADZORNOG ODBORA U SLUČAJU TRAJNE SUSPENZIJE NALOGA DONALDA TRAMPA

  • Ivana Vukčević Pravni fakultet Univerziteta Union
Keywords: Fejsbuk, Nadzorni odbor, Donald Tramp, sloboda govora, društvene mreže, moderiranje sadržaja, suspenzija na neodređeno vreme, politički lideri, profili velikog uticaja, međunarodno pravo ljudskih prava

Abstract


Fejsbukov Nadzorni odbor („Oversight Board“), telo koje je kompanija formirala kako bi delovalo kao apelacioni mehanizam za Fejsbukovo moderiranje sadržaja, objavio je 5. maja 2021. godine odluku o „suspenziji na neodređeno vreme“ naloga bivšeg predsednika Sjedinjenih Američkih Država Donalda Trampa. Fejsbuk je odluku o suspenziji doneo između 6. i 7. januara 2021. godine zbog Trampovih objava u vezi s neredima na Kapitol hilu u Vašingtonu. Ovaj komentar analizira odluku Nadzornog odbora i pokazuje njegovo gotovo isključivo oslanjanje na međunarodne standarde ljudskih prava, što je pozitivno. Pored toga, analiza odluke ukazuje na teškoće i potencijalan nedostatak volje Fejsbuka u pogledu formiranja jedinstvenog načina na koji tretira profile političkih lidera, kao i opiranje kompanije da se uhvati u koštac sa načinom na koji je njen poslovni model potencijalno doprineo nasilnim događajima, uključujući i nerede na Kapitol hilu, 6. januara 2021. godine.

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Benesch, S., 2020, But Facebook’s Not a Country: How to Interpret Human Rights Law for Social Media Companies, Yale Journal on Regulation Online Bulletin.

Karanicolas, M., 2020, Squaring the Circle Between Freedom of Expression and Platform Law, Journal of Technology Law & Policy, Vol. 20.

Lwin, M., 2020, Applying International Human Rights Law for Use by Facebook, Yale Journal on Regulation Online Bulletin.

Schabas, W. A., 2019, Nowak's CCPR Commentary: U.N. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 3rd rev. ed., Kehl, N. P. Engel Publisher.

DOCUMENTS

Facebook, Deed of Amendment of the Oversight Board Trust Agreement, 2020.

Facebook, Limited Liability Company Agreement of Oversight Board LLC, 2019.

Facebook, Oversight Board Bylaws, 2020.

Facebook, Oversight Board Charter, 2019.

Facebook, Oversight Board Trust Agreement, 2019.

Human Rights Committee, General Comment No. 34, UN doc. CCPR/C/GC/34 (12 September 2011).

Human Rights Council, Rabat Plan of Action on the prohibition of advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence, UN doc. A/HRC/22/17/Add.4 (11 January 2013).

Human Rights Council, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, UN doc. A/HRC/38/35 (6 April 2018).

International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, adopted 21 December 1965, entered into force 4 January 1969, 660 UNTS 195.

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, adopted 16 December 1966, entered into force 23 March 1976, 999 UNTS 171.

UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: Implementing the United Nations “Protect, Respect and Remedy” Framework, UN doc. HR/PUB/11/4 (2011).

CASE LAW

ECtHR, Gunduz v. Turkey, no. 35071/97, Judgment of 4 December 2003.

Facebook Oversight Board, Case Decision 2021-001-FB-FBR, 5 May 2021.

Facebook Oversight Board, Case Decision 2021-003-FB-UA, 29 April 2021.

Facebook Oversight Board, Case Decision 2021-005-FB-UA, 28 January 2021.

IACtHR, Perozo et al. v. Venezuela, Judgment of 28 January 2009.

INTERNET SOURCES

Domino, J., 2021, Beyond the Coup in Myanmar: The Other De-Platforming We Should Have Been Talking About (https://www.justsecurity.org/76047/beyond-the-coup-in-myanmar-the-other-de-platforming-we-should-have-been-talking-about/, 27. 5. 2021).

Facebook Community Standards (https://www.facebook.com/communitystandards/, 30. 5. 2021).

Facebook’s Corporate Human Rights Policy (https://about.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Facebooks-Corporate-Human-Rights-Policy.pdf, 27. 5. 2021).

Facebook’s response Oversight Boards recommendations (https://about.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/OB_First-Decision_Detailed_.pdf, 27. 5. 2021).

Ghaffary, S., 2020, Facebook’s independent oversight board is finally up and running, Vox Recode, (https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/10/22/21528859/facebook-oversight-board-mark-zuckerberg, 30. 5. 2021).

Graham, T., 2021, The Facebook Oversight Board’s Trump Ban Decision Is About More Than Trump (https://www.justsecurity.org/75990/the-facebook-oversight-boards-trump-ban-decision-is-about-more-than-trump/, 26. 5. 2021).

Harris, B., 2019, An Update on Building a Global Oversight Board, Facebook Newsroom, (https://about.fb.com/news/2019/12/oversight-board-update/, 30. 5. 2021).

Mark Zuckerberg’s announcement on his Facebook account (https://www.facebook.com/zuck/posts/10112681480907401, 27. 5. 2021).

Milanovic, M., 2021, The Facebook Oversight Board Made the Right Call on the Trump Suspension (https://www.ejiltalk.org/the-facebook-oversight-board-made-the-right-call-on-the-trump-suspension/, 25. 5. 2021).

Oversight Board website (https://oversightboard.com/appeals-process/, 30. 5. 2021).

Oversight Board website, update on the appeals procedure (https://oversightboard.com/news/267806285017646-the-oversight-board-is-accepting-user-appeals-to-remove-content-from-facebook-and-instagram/, 30. 5. 2021).

Tan, S., Shin, Y., Rindler, D., 2021, How one of America’s ugliest days unravelled inside and outside the Capitol, Washington Post, (https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/interactive/2021/capitol-insurrection-visual-timeline/, 27. 5. 2021).

BBC, 2021, Facebook freezes Maduro’s page over Covid claim (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-56551350, 27. 5. 2021).

Published
2021/07/16
Section
Commentary