Lexical-semantic representation of body parts in Serbian child language

Darinka Anđelković; Maja Savić; Maša Popović; Milena Jakić Šimšić

doi:10.5937/psistra26-44308

Darinka Anđelković Univerzitet u Beogradu - Filozofski Fakultet, Srbija https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8238-4460
Maja Savić Univerzitet u Beogradu - Filološki fakultet, Beograd
Maša Popović Univerzitet u Beogradu - Filozofski fakultet, Srbija
Milena Jakić Šimšić Institut za srpski jezik, Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti, Beograd, Srbija

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra26-44308

Ključne reči: delovi ljudskog tela, leksički razvoj, semantički razvoj, meronimija, rani školski uzrast, srpski jezik

Sažetak

Iako se nazivi za delove ljudskog tela pojavljuju rano u dečijem rečniku, relativno malo se zna o pojmovnom i semantičkom razvoju u ovom domenu na predškolskom i ranom školskom uzrastu. Istraživali smo kako deca uzrasta 5, 7 i 9 godina koriste reči i izraze za označavanje delove ljudskog tela i koliko se oni poklapaju sa segmentacijom tela i leksemama za delove tela kod odraslih. Ispitanici su zamoljeni da, na crtežu koji prikazuju celo telo (prednju ili zadnju stranu) ili lice, imenuju deo označen crvenom tačkom. Rezultati poređenja odgovora između dece i odraslih pokazuju da se sa uzrastom povećava upotreba meronima, a smanjuje upotreba holonima za imenovanje delova tela, što ukazuje na povećanje segmentacije tela na pojmovnom i leksičko-semantičkom planu sa uzrastom. Međutim, ovakva hijerarhijska organizacija nije mogla biti potvrđena za druge delove (trup, ramena, vrat, glava, pojedini delovi lica), otkrivajući različite razvojne putanje tokom usvajanja reči. Deca svih uzrasta, a posebno deca od 7 i 9 godina, traže alternativna rešenja za imenovanje delova tela za koje im nedostaju reči. U takvim slučajevima koriste nazive za susedne delove, unutrašnje organe i delove skeleta, ili upućuju na okolna područja koristeći predloške fraze. Rezultati su poređeni sa prethodnim nalazima razvojnih studija, a diskutovane su leksičko-semantičke promene reči za označavanje delova tela i pitanje njihove hijerarhijske organizacije u leksikonu dece.

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Leksičko-semantička reprezentacija delova tela kod dece u srpskom jeziku

Sažetak

Reference