The enterprise potential, individual entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intentions of students in Serbia
Keywords:
Enterprise potential, Individual entrepreneurial orientation, Entrepreneurial intentions, Students, Serbia.
Abstract
In this paper are given the findings of the research of the effects of five variables on the enterprise potential, individual entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial intentions of students. The effects of the following variables are observed: gender, one of my parents has a private business, the year in which the student is studying, student success in learning and studying and the financial opportunities to start a new business. The respondents are studying at seven faculties in Serbia. The sample included 488 respondents.. The most influential variable on entrepreneurial intentions is the financial opportunities to start a new business. Also, men have more pronounced entrepreneurial intentions. Success in studies positively influences entrepreneurial potentials and pro-activity, while the possession of finance positively influences entrepreneurial intentions and risk readiness. In cases of successful studies and the possession of finance, women are more motivated, more determined, and have more pronounced entrepreneurial intentions (especially in the case of having financial resources). Although men may show a preference to become entrepreneurs, women approach entrepreneurship more realistically and decisively.
References
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[40] Zhang, P., Wang, D.D., Owen, C.L. (2015). A Study of Entrepreneurial Intention of University Students. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 5(1), 61-82.
[2] Altinay, L., Madanoglu, M., Daniele, R. - Lashley, C. (2012): The influence of family tradition and psychological traits on entrepreneurial intention. International Journal of Hospitality Management 31(2): 489–499.
[3] Antoncic, B., Bratkovic, T., Singh, G. - DeNoble, A. F. (2015): The big five personality-entrepreneurship relationship: evidence from Slovenia. Journal of Small Business Management 53(3): 819-841.
[4] Athayde, R. (2009): Measuring Enterprise Potential in Young People. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 33(2): 481-500.
[5] Bolton, D.L. - Lane, M.D. (2012): Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation: development of a measurement instrument. Education + Training 54(2/3): 219-233.
[6] Brandstätter, H. (2011): Personality aspects of entrepreneurship: A look at five meta-analyses. Personality and Individual Differences 51(3): 222–230.
[7] Caliendo, M., Fossen, M., Kritikos, A.S. (2014). Personality characteristics and the decisions to become and stay self-employed. Small Business Economics, 42(4), 787-814.
[8] Çolakoğlu, N., Gözükara, I. (2016). A comparison study on personality traits based on the attitudes of university students toward entrepreneurship. 5th International Conference on Leadership, Technology, Innovation and Business Management, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 229(2016), 133-140.
[9] Diaz-Garcia, M.C. - Jiménez-Moreno, J. (2010): Entrepreneurial intention: the role of gender. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 6(3): 261–283.
[10] Fayolle, A. - Liñán, F. (2014): The future of research on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Research 67(5): 663-666.
[11] García-Rodríguez, F.J., Gil-Soto, E., Ruiz-Rosa, I. - Mamour Sene, P. (2015): Entrepreneurial intentions in diverse development contexts: a cross-cultural comparison between Senegal and Spain. International Entrepreneurship Management Journal 11: 511–527.
[12] Jain, R. - Wajid Ali, S. (2012): Personal Characteristics of Indian Entrepreneurs and Intrapreneurs An Empirical Study. Management and Labour Studies 37(4): 295–322.
[13] Jayawarna, D., Jones, O. - Marlow, S. (2015): The influence of gender upon social networks and bootstrapping behaviours. Scandinavian Journal of Management 31(3): 316–329.
[14] Jayawarna, D., Jones, O. - Macpherson, A. (2014): Entrepreneurial potential: The role of human and cultural capitals. International Small Business Journal 32(8): 918-943.
[15] Karabulut, A.T. (2016). Personality Traits on Entrepreneurial Intention. 5th International Conference on Leadership, Technology, Innovation and Business Management, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 229(2016), 12-21.
[16] Karimi, S., Biemans, H.J.A., Lans, T., Chizari, M., Mulder, M. (2016). The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education: A Study of Iranian Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions and Opportunity Identification. Journal of Small Business Management, 54(1), 187-209.
[17] Knorr, H., Garzón, D. - Martínez, D. (2011): Motivations and differences upon reconciling professional and personal life: an empirical study of businesswomen and businessmen in Valencian Community. International Entrepreneurship Management Journal 7(3): 391-412.
[18] Koe, W.L. (2016). The relationship between Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation (IEO) and entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 6(1), 2-11.
[19] Kotlar, J. - De Massis, A. (2013): Goal Setting in Family Firms: Goal Diversity, Social Interactions, and Collective Commitment to Family-Centered Goals. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 37: 1263–1288.
[20] Leppel, K. (2016): The incidence of self-employment by sexual orientation. Small Business Economics 46(3): 347–363.
[21] Liñán, F. - Chen, Y.W. (2009): Development and Cross-Cultural Application of a Specific Instrument to Measure Entrepreneurial Intention. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 33(3): 593-617.
[22] Miller, D. (1983). The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science 29(7): 770-91.
[23] Minola, T., Criaco, G. - Obschonka, M. (2016): Age, culture, and self-employment motivation. Small Business Economics 46(2): 187-213.
[24] Moriano, J.A., Gorgievski, M., Laguna, M., Stephan, U., Zarafshani, K. (2012). A Cross-Cultural Approach to Understanding Entrepreneurial Intention. Journal of Career Development, 39(2), 162-185.
[25] Mueller, S.L. - Thomas, A.S. (2001): Culture and entrepreneurial potential: A nine country study of locus of control and innovativeness. Journal of Business Venturing 16(1): 51–75.
[26] Muñoz-Bullón, F., Sánchez-Bueno, M.J., Vos-Saz, A. (2015). Nascent entrepreneurs’ personality attributes and the international dimension of new ventures. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11(3), 473-492.
[27] Padilla-Meléndez, A., Fernández-Gámez, M.A. - Molina-Gómez, J. (2014): Feeling the risks: effects of the development of emotional competences with outdoor training on the entrepreneurial intent of university students. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 10(4): 861-884.
[28] Paul, J. - Shrivatava, A. (2016): Do young managers in a developing country have stronger entrepreneurial intentions? Theory and debate. International Business Review 25(6): 1197–1210.
[29] Pfeifer, S., Šarlija, N. - Zekić Sušac, M. (2016): Shaping the Entrepreneurial Mindset: Entrepreneurial Intentions of Business Students in Croatia. Journal of Small Business Management 54(1): 102-117.
[30] Poggesi, S., Mari, M. - De Vita, L. (2016): What’s new in female entrepreneurship research? Answers from the literature. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 12(3): 735–764.
[31] Rauch, A., Hulsink, W. (2015): Putting Entrepreneurship Education Where the Intention to Act Lies: An Investigation Into the Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Behavior. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 14(2), 187-204.
[32] Reijonen, H., Hirvonen, S., Nagy, G., Laukkanen, T., Gabrielsson, M. (2015). The impact of entrepreneurial orientation on B2B branding and business growth in emerging markets. Industrial Marketing Management, 51(November), 35-46.
[33] Robinson, S., Stubberud, H.A. (2014). Elements of entrepreneurial orientation and their relationship to entrepreneurial intent. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 17(2), 1-12.
[34] Roy, R., Akhtar, F., Das, N. (2017). Entrepreneurial intention among science & technology students in India: extending the theory of planned behavior. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 13(4), 1013-1041.
[35] Santos, F.J., Roomi, M.A. - Liñán, F. (2016): About Gender Differences and the Social Environment in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Small Business Management 54(1): 49–66.
[36] Shneor, R., Camgöz, S.M. - Karapinar, P.B. (2013): The interaction between culture and sex in the formation of entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development An International Journal 25(9-10):781-803.
[37] Tsai, K.H., Chang H.C. - Peng, C.Y. (2016): Refining the linkage between perceived capability and entrepreneurial intention: roles of perceived opportunity, fear of failure, and gender. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 12(4): 1127–1145.
[38] Usaci, D. (2015). Predictors of professional entrepreneurial intention and behavior in the educational field. PSIWORLD 2014, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 187 (2015), 178-183.
[39] Vukonjanski, J., Nikolić, M., Hadžić, O., Terek, E. - Nedeljković, M. (2012): Relationship between GLOBE organizational culture dimensions, job satisfaction and leader-member exchange in Serbian organizations. Journal for East European Management Studies 17(3): 333-368.
[40] Zhang, P., Wang, D.D., Owen, C.L. (2015). A Study of Entrepreneurial Intention of University Students. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 5(1), 61-82.
Published
2021/04/08
Section
Original Scientific Paper
