Business process reengineering: a process based management tool
Abstract
Purpose – Business systems are made up of processes. Processes are collection of activities of businesses that results in an output. And when processes become old and inefficient and can’t deliver results they must be redesigned or replaced. Business process reengineering is a tool for transformation of business process and unconstrained reshaping of all business processes. This study uses case and critical literature analysis (CLA) to investigate and focus on the development of business process reengineering (BPR) application concept and its outcome to the industrial set-up (service giving and manufacturing).
Approach/methodology – The goal is achieved by case and critical literature analysis (CLA). The case validates its result and justifies its practicality. This study contributed in the context of BPR as a process based management tool for selecting, managing and reengineering selected processes for overall manufacturing or service quality improvement.
Findings – In this study, a series of manufacturing processes and a framework for the guidelines of modeling has shown. Core processes of different industries has presented in effective manner. These validates that business process reengineering is a process-based management tool that can deliver both, either redesign or replace inefficient processes, as required, with a breakthrough result. It can be applied to single, group or entire processes comprising the organization.
Practical implications – On the basis of presented case study & process modeling guidelines the managers can use BPR to redesign their inefficient processes.
Originality/value – This approach suggests adopting BPR at any cost as a tool to improve all business processes as well as overall productivity and performance by managing their whole process. Case study motivates practitioners/managers towards reengineer and manages their business process.
References
Afsarmanesh, H., & Camarinha-Matos, L. M. (2004). Collaborative networked organizations: A research agenda for emerging business models. Springer Science & Business Media, 22.
Amanquah, B., & Adjei, K.S. (2013). Business process reengineering (BPR) in the financial services sector: A case study of Ghana commercial bank (GCB) limited. European Journal of Business and Management, 5 (29), 59-66.
Adair, C. B., & Murray, B. A. (1994). Breakthrough process redesign: New pathways to customer value. New York: AMACOM, American Management Association, 1-268.
Attaran, M. (2004). Exploring the relationship between information technology and business process reengineering. Information & Management, 41 (5), 585-596.
Aslam, M.F. & Shami T.A. (2002). A decentralized process-oriented approach for power-system operation. Science Vision Quarterly, 8 (1), 54-58.
Aslam, M. F., Hassan, T., & Shami, T. A. (2005). Reengineering of systems operation; A solution to the challenges in the deregulated market environment-I. Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS Int. Conf. on Power Systems and Electromagnetic Compatibility, Corfu, Greece, 23-25.08.2005. 460-465.
Berman, P. K. (2014). Successful business process management: What you need to know to get results. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. 93.
Bose, T.K. (2011). Total quality of management. New Delhi, IN: Pearson Education India.
Bhaskar, H.L. & Singh, R.P. (2014). Business process reengineering: A recent review. Global Journal of Business Management, 8 (2), 24–51.
Barnes, D. (2001). Research methods for the empirical investigation of the process of formation of operations strategy. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 21(8), 1076-1095.
Barnes, D. (Ed.). (2001). Understanding business: processes. Business & Economics, Psychology Press, 119.
Bhaskar, H.L. (2016). A critical analysis of information technology and business process re-engineering. International Journal of Productivity & Quality Management, 19 (1), 98-115.
Becker, J., Rosemann, M., & von Uthmann, C. (2000). Guidelines of business process modeling. In Business Process Management. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 30-49.
Bughin, J., Chui, M., & Manyika, J. (2013). Ten IT-enabled business trends for the decade ahead. McKinsey Quarterly, 13, May 2013, 1-52.
Bhatnagar, S. (2009). Unlocking e-government potential: Concepts, cases and practical insights. New Delhi, IN: SAGE Publications India Ltd.
Carr, L.P., & Nanni Jr., A.J. (2009). Developing results: managing what matters. New York, US: Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London.
Chauhan, R.K., & Verma, R. (2009). Significance of business process reengineering. chapter 52nd, In Enterprise Information Systems in 21st century: opportunities and challenges. 537-538.
Chang, J. F. (2016). Business process management systems: Strategy and implementation. CRC Press.
Davenport, T. H. (2013). Process innovation: Reengineering work through information technology. Boston, MA, US: Harvard Business Press.
Dickerhof, M., Jakobs, P., & Schmidt, A. (2002). INFOFLOW-A process oriented workflow and information system for micro system development and production. In System Sciences, 2002. HICSS. Proceedings of the 35th Annual Hawaii International Conference on IEEE. 2558-2565.
Dutta, S. (2007). Recognizing the true value of software assets. INSEAD & micro focus ltd. 1-29.
Draheim D. (2010). Business process technology: A unified view on business processes, workflows and enterprise applications. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Dogra, B., Kaur, K., & Kaushik, D. (2009). Enterprise information system in 21st century: Opportunities & challenges, New Delhi, IN: Deep & Deep Publications Pvt. Ltd.
Dereje, K.G. (2010). Implementation of Business process reengineering: An analysis of key success and failure factors, a case study of Ethiopian Revenues and Customs Authority Mekelle Branch (Doctoral thesis, Mekelle University).
Duffy, G. L., Moran, J. W., & Riley, W. (2010). Quality function deployment and lean-six sigma applications in public health. ASQ Quality Press.
Enterprise-wide BPR for a leading Indian auto manufacturer. (2011). Available at http://www.studymode.com/essays/Enterprise-Wide-Bpr-For-a-Leading-Indian-859451.html
Essam, M.M., & Mansar, S.L. (2012). Towards a software framework for automatic business process redesign. ACEEE International Journal on Information Technology, 2 (1), 23-28.
Freedman, L. (2013). Strategy: A history. New York, US: Oxford University Press.
Goksoy, A., Ozsoy, B., & Vayvay, O. (2012). Business process reengineering: Strategic tool for managing organizational change an application in a multinational company. International Journal of Business and Management, 7 (2), 89-112.
Gunasekaran, A., & Nath, B. (1997). The role of information technology in business process reengineering. International journal of production economics, 50 (2), 91-104.
Grover, V., & Malhotra, M. K. (1997). Business process reengineering: A tutorial on the concept, evolution, method, technology and application. Journal of operations management, 15 (3), 193-213.
Gunasekaran, A., & Kobu, B. (2002). Modeling and analysis of business process reengineering. International Journal of Production Research, 40 (11), 2521-2546.
Gupta, B., Crowe, T.J., & Noble, J.S. (1999). Business Process Reengineering. Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering [online]. 2016-11-1 Availabe at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/047134608X.W3355/full
Gutierrez, J.O.G. (2001). Extending the precautionary principle to work redesign: The implications of business process reengineering for low-level white-collar work. Available at http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58697.pdf
Grant, D. (2002). A wider view of business process reengineering. Communications of the ACM, 45 (2), 85-90.
Gill, K.S. (2012). Information society: New media, ethics and postmodernism. Springer Science & Business Media.
Hunt, V. D. (1996). Process mapping: How to reengineer your business processes. John Wiley & Sons.
Huang, S. Y., Lee, C. H., Chiu, A. A., & Yen, D. C. (2014). How business process reengineering affects information technology investment and employee performance under different performance measurement. Information Systems Frontiers, 17 (5), 1-12.
Hanif, M., Khan, Y. S., & Zaheer, A. (2014). Impact of organizational resistance to change on BPR implementation: A case of state bank of Pakistan. European Journal of Business and Management, 6 (4), 186-196.
Hussein, B., Hammoud, M., Bazzi, H., & Haj-Ali, A. (2014). PRISM-Process reengineering integrated spiral model: An agile approach to business process reengineering (BPR). International Journal of Business and Management, 9 (10), 134-142.
Hussein, B., Bazzi, H., Dayekh, A., & Hassan, W. (2013). Critical analysis of existing business process reengineering models: Towards the development of a comprehensive integrated model. Journal of Project, Program & Portfolio Management, 4 (1), 30-40.
Habib, M.N., & Shah A. (2013). Business process reengineering: Literature review of approaches and applications’, In Proceedings of 3rd Asia-Pacific Business Research Conference 25 - 26 February 2013, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 1-25.
Hammer, M., & Champy, J. (1993). Reengineering the corporation: A manifesto for business revolution. Business horizons, 36 (5), 90-91.
Hammer, M., & Champy, J. (2009). Reengineering the Corporation: Manifesto for Business Revolution, Zondervan. Available at https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=0061808644
Herath, S.K. (1996). The role of the management accountant in business process reengineering. Master of Commerce (Hons.) Thesis, Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Wollongong, 1996. Available at http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/2280
Harrington, H. J. (1991). Business process improvement: The breakthrough strategy for total quality, productivity, and competitiveness. New York, US: McGraw Hill Professional
Ishvarsinh V.D., (2014). New economic policies: liberalization, privatization, globalization. Journal of Social Science, 2 (5), 1-8.
Jain, R., Chandrasekaran, A., & Gunasekaran, A. (2010). Benchmarking the redesign of business process reengineering curriculum: A continuous process improvement (CPI). Benchmarking: An International Journal, 17 (1), 77-94.
Jamali, G., Abbaszadeh, M. A., Ebrahimi, M., & Maleki, T. (2011). Business process reengineering implementation: Developing a causal model of critical success factors. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 1 (5), 354-358.
Jha, M., Jha, S., & O'Brien, L. (2016). Combining big data analytics with business process using reengineering. In Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS), 2016 IEEE Tenth International Conference on IEEE. 1-6.
Johansson, H.J., McHugh, P., Pendlebury, A.J., & Wheeler III, W.A. (1993). Business process reengineering: Breakpoint strategies for market dominance. Chichester, England, UK: John Wiley & Sons.
Kalman, H.K. (2002). Process mapping: Tools, techniques, & critical success factors. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 15 (4), 57-73.
Laguna, M., & Marklund, J. (2013). Business process modeling, simulation and design second edition. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group.
Mahindra Satyam. (2012). Available at http://www.techmahindra.com/sites/ResourceCenter/factsheet/investors/financials/TechM%20Final%20Press%20Release.pdf
Morabito, V. (2013). Organizational absorptive capacity and the use of information. In Business Technology Organization pp. 129-142. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Mohapatra, S. (2013). The need for BPR and its history. In Business Process Reengineering. 39-49. Springer US.
Nehring, D., & Plummer K. (2014). Sociology: An introductory textbook and reader. New York, US: Routledge Publisher.
Nisar, Q.A., Ahmad, S., & Ahmad, U. (2014). Exploring factors that contribute to success of business process reengineering and impact of business process reengineering on organizational performance: A qualitative descriptive study on banking sector at Pakistan. Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2 (6), 219-224.
Nzewi, H.N., Nzewi, U.S., & Moneme, P.C. (2015). Business process reengineering and performance of courier service organizations in Anambra State, Nigeria. American journal of social and management sciences. 6 (1), 24-33.
Nielsen, S. P., Easthope, C., Gosselink, P., Gutsze, K., & Roele, J. (2000). Using domino workflow. IBM. Available at http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks/pdfs/sg245963.pdf
Orgland, M. Y. (2016). Initiating, managing and sustaining strategic change: Learning from the best. Springer. 156. Available at https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=1349144703
Pepitone, J.S. (2009). Human performance consulting. Routledge. Available at https://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=1136397450
Pettinger, T. (2013). What caused globalization?, Economic Blog, 6th April 2013. Availabe at http://www.economicshelp.org/blog/401/trade/what-caused-globalization
Rahali, E., Chaczko, Z.C., Agbinya, J.I., & Chiu, C.C. (2008). Business process re-engineering in Saudi Arabia: A survey of understanding and attitudes. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Interactive Multimedia, IEEE, 1 (2), 33-38.
Rigby, K.D. (2013). Management tools 2013: An executive’s guide. Boston, MA, US: Bain & Company, Inc.
Radhakrishnan, R, & Balasubramanian, S. (2008). Business process reengineering: Text and cases. New Delhi, IN: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Srinivasan, R. (2011). Business process reengineering. New Delhi, IN: Tata McGraw-Hill Education Pvt. Ltd
Stoica, M., Chawat, N., & Shin, N. (2004). An investigation of the methodologies of business process reengineering. School of Computer Science and Information Systems, Pace University.
Available at http://csis.pace.edu/csis/data/comArchive/techReport202.pdf
Smith, A. (1998). Core competence and change management’, Management Development through Cultural Diversity, Ronnie Lessem. 201.
Saleem, P.M. (2012). Contemporary Office Handbook. Kottayam, IN: DC Books.
Tak, R. M. (2013). Reengineering Government Process of Elections by Introducing Unemployed Ad Hoc Work Force Registered through Employment Exchanges in India. International Journal of Computer Applications, 78 (15), 22-26.
Wachira, J.K. (2013). Competitive strategies and performance of financial sector companies listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange. (Doctorate thesis, University of Nairobi).
Weerakkody, V., Janssen, M., & Dwivedi, Y.K. (2011). Transformational change and business process reengineering (BPR): Lessons from the British and Dutch public sector’. Government Information Quarterly, 28 (3), 320-328.
Web references
http://sixsigmastudyguide.com/process-mapping/
www.lexjansen.com/phuse/2012/pd/PD06.pdf
The Author wishes to submit the Work to SJM for publication. To enable SJM to publish the Work and to give effect to the parties’ intention set forth herein, they have agreed to cede the first right to publication and republication in the SJM Journal.
Cession
The Author hereby cedes to SJM, who accepts the cession, to the copyright in and to the paper.
The purpose of the cession is to enable SJM to publish the Work, as first publisher world-wide, and for republication in the SJM Journal, and to grant the right to others to publish the Work world-wide, for so long as such copyright subsists;
SJM shall be entitled to edit the work before publication, as it deems fit, subject to the Authors approval
The Author warrants to SJM that:
- the Author is the owner of the copyright in the Work, whether as author or as reassigned from the Author’s employee and that the Author is entitled to cede the copyright to SJM;
- the paper (or any of its part) is not submitted or accepted for publication in any other Journal;
- the Work is an original work created by the Author;
- the Author has not transferred, ceded, or assigned the copyright, or any part thereof, to any third party; or granted any third party a licence or other right to the copyright, which may affect or detract from the rights granted to SJM in terms of this agreement.
The Author hereby indemnifies the SJM as a body and its individual members, to the fullest extent permitted in law, against all or any claims which may arise consequent to the warranties set forth.
No monetary consideration shall be payable by SJM to the Author for the cession, but SJM shall clearly identify the Author as having produced the Work and ensure that due recognition is given to the Author in any publication of the Work.
Should SJM, in its sole discretion, elect not to publish the Work within 1 year after the date of this agreement, the cession shall lapse and be of no further effect. In such event the copyright shall revert to the Author and SJM shall not publish the Work, or any part thereof, without the Author’s prior written consent.