The level of business ethics of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Visegrad group

Keywords: small and medium-sized enterprises, business ethics, age of the firm, gender and education of entrepreneurs

Abstract


The aim of the paper is to define and compare the significant attributes in the field of business ethics according to the size of the firm, gender and education of entrepreneurs in the SME segment in sum in the V4 countries. The empirical research, which was aimed at identifying the attitudes of small and medium-sized firms, was conducted in June 2022 in the Visegrad Four countries (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and Hungary). The data collection was carried out by the external firm. Statistical hypotheses were tested through descriptive statistics, chi-square and Z-score at α = 5% significance level. The attitudes of SMEs towards the following statements were examined: ST1: I consider ethics in business important; ST2: I consider the ethical implications of my decisions when managing my business; ST3: I feel good when I behave ethically in business; and ST4: Our company enforces rules of ethical conduct in business. We find that the level of agreement with these statements is high. We did not find statistically significant differences in responses based on defined demographic characteristics.

Author Biographies

Jaroslav Jr. Belas, Faculty of Socio-Economic Relations, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, Študentská 2, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovak Republic

Faculty of Socio-Economic Relations, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín,  Študentská 2, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovak Republic

Roman Oodrejka, Transport research institute

Transport research institute

Veľký Diel 3323, 010 08 Žilina, Slovak republic

Jan Dvorsky, Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovak republic

Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, University of Žilina,

Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovak republic

References

Arend, R.J. (2013). Ethics-focused dynamic capabilities: a small business perspective. Small Business Economics, 41, 1–24.

Belas, J., Khan, K.A., Marousek, J., & Rozsa, Z. (2020a). Perceptions of the importance of business ethics in SMEs: A comparative study of Czech and Slovak entrepreneurs. Ethics & Bioethics (in Central Europe), 10 (1-2), 96-106.

Belas, J., Strnad, Z., Gavurova, B., & Cepel, M. (2019). Business Environment Quality Factors Research - Sme Management´s Platform. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 20 (1), 64-77.

Belas J., Gavurova B., Machova V., & Mikolas Z. (2020b). Selected Factors of Corporate Management in SMEs Sector. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 21 (1), 119-134.

Çera, G., Belas, J., Marousek, J., Çera, E. (2020). Do size and age of small and medium-sized enterprises matter in corporate social responsibility? Economics and Sociology, 13 (2), 86-99.

Çera, G., Belas, J., Rozsa, Z., & Cepel, M. (2019). Linking firm characteristics to perceived important social factors for entrepreneurial activity. Economics and Sociology, 12 (4), 101-115.

Dobeš, K., Virglerová, Z., & Kramoliš, J. (2019). Impact of selected factors on the perception of the macroeconomic and financial environment of smes (empirical study from Czech Republic and Slovak Republic). Scientific Papers of the University of Pardubice, Series D: Faculty of Economics and Administration, 27 (1), 29–40.

Dvorsky, J., Gavurova, B., Čepel, M., & Červinka, M. (2020). Impact of selected economic factors on the business environment: The case of selected east european countries. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 22 (2), 96–110.

Fassin, Y., Van Rossem, A. & Buelens, M. Small-Business Owner-Managers’ Perceptions of Business Ethics and CSR-Related Concepts. J Bus Ethics 98, 425–453 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0586-y

Fernandez, J.L., & Camacho, J. (2016). Effective Elements to Establish an Ethical Infrastructure: An Exploratory Study of SMEs in the Madrid Region. Journal of Business Ethics, 138 (1), 113–131.

Fetisovová, E., Hucová, E., Nagy, L., & Vlachynský, K. (2012). Current problems of finance of small and medium enterprises (in Slovak). Ekonóm. Bratislava.

Fiala, A. (2005). Tolerance and the ethical life. A&C Black.

Fuller, T., & Tian, Y. (2006). Social and Symbolic Capitaland Responsible Entrepreneurship: an Empirical Investigation of SME Narratives, Journal of Business Ethics, 67, 287-304.

Kolk, A. (2016). The social responsibility of international business: From ethics and the environment to CSR and sustainable development. Journal of World Business, 51 (1), 23–34.

Mayanja, Jamiah & Perks, Sandra (2017). Business practices influencing ethical conduct of small and medium-sized enterprises in Uganda. African Journal of Business Ethics 11 (1).

Mazharul Islam, M., & Alharthi, M. (2020). Relationships among Ethical Commitment, Ethical Climate, Sustainable Procurement Practices, and SME Performance: An PLS-SEM Analysis. Sustainability, 12 (23), 10168.

Metzker, Z., & Zvarikova, K. (2021). The Perception of Company Employees by SMEs with CSR Concept Implementation. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge, 9 (1), 81–96.

Mura, L., Zsigmond, T., & Machová, R. (2021). The effects of emotional intelligence and ethics of SME employees on knowledge sharing in Central-European countries. Oeconomia Copernicana, 12 (4), 907–934.

Pizzi, S., Caputo, F., & Venturelli, A. (2020). Does it pay to be an honest entrepreneur? Addressing the relationship between sustainable development and bankruptcy risk. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27 (3), 1478–1486.

Savur, S. (2017). Role of Exemplars in Ethical Decision-Making in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES). Research in Ethical Issues in Organizations, 17, 21-35.

Vivier, E. (2013).‘A tough line to work through’: Ethical ambiguities in a South African SME. African Journal of Business Ethics, 7 (2), 68-78.

Zsigmond, T., Machová, R., & Korcsmáros, E. (2021). The Ethics and Factors Influencing Employees Working in the Slovak SME Sector. Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, 18 (11), 171-190.

Published
2023/11/16
Section
Original Scientific Paper