Mapiranje nepotizma na osnovu homonimije prezimena: slučaj Univerziteta u Novom Sadu
Sažetak
Cilj istraživanja bio je da se proveri postoje li statističke indicije o zastupljenosti nepotizma na Univerzitetu u Novom Sadu. Korišćeni su podaci o aktuelnom nastavno-naučnom kadru, te jedinstveni birački spisak za područje Grada Novog Sada. Izračunat je tzv. AHI indeks (academic homonymity index) baziran na homonimiji prezimena. Poređenjem je utvrđeno da se Univerzitet u Novom Sadu svrstava u sam vrh referentne liste italijanskih univerziteta rangiranih po verovatnoći zastupljenosti nepotističke prakse. Pritom, više činilaca sugeriše da su naši koeficijenti potcenjeni. Na fakultetskom nivou agregacije, Medicinski fakultet prednjači, dok Akademija umetnosti, Ekonomski fakultet i Filozofski fakultet isto spadaju u ustanove čiji je AHI znatno iznad univerzitetskog proseka. Na departmanskom nivou agregacije, najviši AHI indeks registrovan je za: Odsek za srpski jezik i lingvistiku, Departman za energetiku i procesnu tehniku i Muzički departman. Veoma visok AHI nađen je i za: Departman za veterinarsku medicinu, Katedru za inženjerstvo konzervisane hrane i Odsek za psihologiju. Predloženo je donošenje novog zakona o univerzitetu kojim bi se zabranilo zapošljavanje srodnika na istom departmanu, kao i set dugoročnih mera za borbu protiv ovog problema.
Reference
Acemoglu, D., Bautista, M. A., Querubin, P., & Robinson, J. A. (2007). Economic and political inequality in development: The case of Cundinamarca, Colombia (No. w13208). National Bureau of Economic Research.
Allesina, S. (2011). Measuring nepotism through shared last names: the case of Italian academia. PLoS one, 6(8), e21160.
Angelucci, M., De Giorgi, G., Rangel, M. A., & Rasul, I. (2010). Family networks and school enrolment: Evidence from a randomized social experiment. Journal of public Economics, 94(3–4), 197–221.
Arulampalam, W., Naylor, R., & Smith, J. (2005). Doctor who? Who gets admission offers in UK medical schools.
Basso, G., & Labartino, G. (2011). Family connections in accessing licensed occupations in Italy. Fondazione Rodolfo Debenedetti, 39.
Batić, S. (2011). Plagiarism as a form of deviant behaviour in scientific-research work. Bezbednost 53 (2), 115–133. [In Serbian]
Bennedsen, M., Nielsen, K. M., Pérez-González, F., & Wolfenzon, D. (2007). Inside the family firm: The role of families in succession decisions and performance. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 122(2), 647–691.
Blagg, K., & Blom, E. (2018). Evaluating the Return on Investment in Higher Education: An Assessment of Individual-and State-Level Returns. Urban Institute.
Budak, J. (2006). Corruption in Croatia: perceptions increase, problems remain. Privredna kretanja i ekonomska politika, 16(106), 66–98 [In Croatian].
Christodoulou, I. (2008). Nepotism in medicine and the concept of franchising. The International Journal of Medicine, 1(2), 58–61.
Demić E. & Pepić R. (2013) Nepotism as a sociocriminological problem. IV International Scientific Convention Multiculturality and Contemporary Society, (172–178). Novi Sad: Visoka škola “Pravne i poslovne akademske studije Dr. Lazar Vrkatić”. [In Serbian]
Ferlazzo, F., & Sdoia, S. (2012). Measuring nepotism through shared last names: are we really moving from opinions to facts?. PLoS One, 7(8), e43574.
Gorraiz, J. & Gumpenberger, C. (2015). A flexible bibliometric approach for the assessment of professorial appointments. Scientometrics, 105(3), 1699–1719.
Grilli, J. & Allesina, S. (2017). Last name analysis of mobility, gender imbalance, and nepotism across academic systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(29), 7600–7605.
Güell, M., Rodríguez Mora, J. V., & Telmer, C. (2007). Intergenerational mobility and the informative content of surnames. Edinburgh School of Economics, University of Edinburgh.
Jaskiewicz, P., Uhlenbruck, K., Balkin, D. B., & Reay, T. (2013). Is nepotism good or bad? Types of nepotism and implications for knowledge management. Family Business Review, 26(2), 121–139.
Kragh, S. U. (2012). The anthropology of nepotism: Social distance and reciprocity in organizations in developing countries. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management, 12(2), 247–265.
Lazić, U. (2006). Unpublished graduation paper. Novi Sad: Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet, 2006. [In Serbian]
Lentz, B. F., & Laband, D. N. (1989). Why so many children of doctors become doctors: Nepotism vs. human capital transfers. Journal of Human Resources, 396–413.
Maluckov, B. S. (2018). Networked mobbing in higher education institutions and its consequences to the wider academic community in Serbia. Sociološki pregled, 52(3), 886–914. doi: 10.5937/socpreg52-15492
Morano Foadi, S. (2006). Key issues and causes of the Italian brain drain. Innovation, 19(2), 209–223.
Osipian, A. L. (2008). Corruption in higher education: does it differ across the nations and why?. Research in comparative and international education, 3(4), 345–365.
Osipian, A. L. (2009). Corruption Hierarchies in Higher Education in the Former Soviet Bloc. International Journal of Educational Development, 29(3), pp. 321–30.
Pérez-González, F. (2006). Inherited control and firm performance. American Economic Review, 96, 1559–88.
Perotti, R., Tabellini, G., Labartino, G., & Durante, R. (2009). Academic Dynasties: Nepotism and Productivity in the Italian Academic System. In 2009 Meeting Papers (No. 134). Society for Economic Dynamics.
Petrov, G., & Temple, P. (2004). Corruption in higher education. Higher education management and policy, 16(1), 83–99.
Ponzo, M., & Scoppa, V. (2011). A simple model of favouritism in recruitment. Research in Economics, 65(2), 78–88.
Prosperi, M., Buchan, I., Fanti, I., Meloni, S., Palladino, P., & Torvik, V. I. (2016). Kin of coauthorship in five decades of health science literature. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(32), 8957–8962.
Rubinstein, Y., & Brenner, D. (2013). Pride and prejudice: Using ethnic-sounding names and inter-ethnic marriages to identify labour market discrimination. Review of Economic Studies, 81(1), 389–425.
Sandström, U., & Hällsten, M. (2007). Persistent nepotism in peer-review. Scientometrics, 74(2), 175–189.
Scoppa, V. (2009). Intergenerational transfers of public sector jobs: a shred of evidence on nepotism. Public Choice, 141(1–2), 167–188.
Sebek, J. J. (2016). The Power of Kith and Kin Empirical Evidence of Kin among Public Administrators, Judges and Notaries in the Czech Republic. Politologicky casopis-Czech Journal of Political Science, (1), 23–43.
Svensson, J. (2005) Eight Questions about Corruption, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(3), 19–42.
Trostel, P. A. (2008). High returns: Public investment in higher education. Communities and Banking, (Spr), 31–34.
Vveinhardt, J. (2012). Nepotism variations: public and private sectors. Достижения высшей школы, 20(2012).
Wenneras, C., & Wold, A. (2010). Nepotism and sexism in peer-review. In Women, science, and technology (pp. 64–70). Routledge.
Zei, G., Barbujani, G., Lisa, A., Fiorani, O., Menozzi, P., Siri, E., & Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (1993). Barriers to gene flow estimated by surname distribution in Italy. Annals of Human Genetics, 57(2), 123–140.
Ćirić, J., Reljanović, M., Nenadić, N., Jovanović, M., Dobrašinović, D., & Pejović, D. (2010). Corruption – problems and overcoming problems. Beograd: Udruženje javnih tužilaca i zamenika javnih tužilaca Srbije. [In Serbian]
Šipka, P. (2017). Implementation of academic ethical standards in Serbia: With special reference to misconduct in research publishing, Academic integrity: Achievements and future perspectives of Montenegro, Bečići, 16–17 May.
Šipka, P. (2017a). Implementation of academic ethical standards in Serbia: With special reference to misconduct in research publishing. A report to the Council of Europe’s “Strengthen integrity and combat corruption in higher education”, CEON/CEES Working paper No 02/17. Available at: https://www.ceon.rs/images/pdf/Working_Paper_02-17.pdf
Šipka, P. (2001). Science in Serbia: Towards the Evaluative State. Beograd: Centar za evaluaciju u obrazovanju i nauci, Elektronski radni dokumenti. [In Serbian]