Rusija, sukob u Ukrajini i novi prostorni i geopolitički poredak
Sažetak
Sukob u Ukrajini je predmet kontradiktornih narativa u komunikacionom ratu, ali on isto tako odražava suparničke istorijske i geopolitičke stavove dva aktera u ovom sukobu. Iz geopolitičkog ugla, glavni problem krize u Ukrajini jeste suparništvo između velikih sila i raspodela geopolitičkog prostora. Stoga geopolitičko stanovište omogućava uzimanje u obzir brojnih uloga povezanih sa ovom krizom u raznim razmerama, što u velikoj meri prevazilazi čisto geostrateški i vojni aspekt. Glavna pretpostavka ovog rada jeste da odredi u kojoj meri Rusija svojom specijalnom vojnom operacijom u Ukrajini pokušava da stvori novu geopolitičku konfiguraciju na evropskom i globalnom nivou. Naime, Moskva provocira ponovno definisanje alijansi na regionalnom i globalnom nivou. Kada je reč o evro-azijskom nivou, NATO najverovatnije više neće moći da promoviše politiku ekspanzije u neposrednom susedstvu Rusije (države bivšeg SSSR-a), te je širenja NATO-a u Ukrajinu postao casus belli, kao što je pokazala ruska intervencija. Na globalnom planu, članstvo Rusije u Savetu bezbednosti UN sada sprečava svako jednostrano tumačenje međunarodnog prava od strane kolektivnog Zapada. Osim toga, ekonomske sankcije država članica EU i NATO-a protiv Rusije nisu uvele i ostale zemlje Evroazije, Južne Amerike i Afrike, što predstavlja izazov unipolarnom projektu Zapada pod vođstvom Sjedinjenih Američkih Država. Evropska unija se sve više usklađuje sa geopolitičkim prioritetima NATO-a i Sjedinjenih Država, ostavljajući nedovoljno prostora za manevrisanje. Ruska specijalna operacija u Ukrajini definitivno vodi svet ka multicentričnoj i multipolarnoj konfiguraciji, bez mogućnosti povratka na situaciju pre sukoba. U ovoj analizi geopolitička kartografija biće upotrebljena da se ilustruje problematika, ali isto tako i da se naglasi prostorna perspektiva kao analitička alatka.
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