Umor kod pacijentkinja sa karcinomom dojke: ispitivanje uloge demografskih i kliničkih faktora, psiholoških činilaca i socijalne podrške
Sažetak
Umor povezan sa rakom predstavlja veoma rasprostranjen problem kod onkoloških pacijenata, koji često ostaje neadekvatno tretiran, budući da su uzroci ovog sindroma još uvek nedovoljno poznati. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se ispitaju demografske, kliničke i psiho-socijalne determinante fizičke i mentalne komponente umora povezanog sa rakom. U istraživanju su učestvovale 64 ispitanice sa dijagnozom karcinoma dojke, starosti između 33 i 79 godina (AS=58.36, SD=11.30) tokom sprovođenja zračne terapije. Za procenu fizičke i mentalne komponente umora primenjena je Skala zamora: Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS Serbian), a pored obuhvaćenih demografskih i kliničkih podataka, procenjeni su i simptomi anksioznosti i depresije (DASS-21), neuroticizam (BFI), te funkcionalna i strukturalna socijalna podrška (srpski prevod MOS-SSS). Rezultati su pokazali da depresija, anksioznost i neuroticizam pozitivno koreliraju sa obe dimenzije umora, dok strukturalna i funkcionalna podrška negativno koreliraju sa fizičkom dimenzijom. Ispitanice koje imaju partnera izveštavaju o manjem nivou fizičkog umora u odnosu na one koje nemaju partnera, dok ovakva razlika nije detektovana u slučaju mentalnog umora. Kao najznačajniji prediktori fizičke dimenzije umora izdvojili su se neuroticizam i partnerski status, a kao najznačajniji prediktor mentalne komponente izdvojio se neuroticizam. Rezultati su pokazali da fizička i mentalna dimenzija umora imaju različite korelate, te da personološke karakteristike i socijalna podrška mogu imati veći značaj za razumevanje ovog fenomena nego klinički i demografski faktori. Dobijeni nalazi mogu biti od značaja prilikom procene faktora rizika za razvoj sindroma umora, te planiranja psiho-socijalnih intervencija u cilju osnaživanja pacijenata.
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