EVALUACIJA NIVOA FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI I STANJA FIZIČKE FORME DECE PREDŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA

Bojan Međedović; Nedžad Osmankać; Ivan Dimitrić; Marko Pantović; Nebojša Nedeljkov; Dragan Grujičić

doi:10.5937/timsact8-5058

Bojan Međedović
Nedžad Osmankać Fakultet za sport i turizam, Novi Sad
Ivan Dimitrić
Marko Pantović
Nebojša Nedeljkov
Dragan Grujičić

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/timsact8-5058

Sažetak

Fizička aktivnost pozitivno utiče na smanjenje rizika od nastanka bolesti kardiovaskularnog sistema, gojaznosti, diabetesa, osteoporoze, bolesti disajnog sistema, itd. Iako je većina istraživanja koja su se bavila fizičkom aktivnošću vršena na odraslim osobama, podaci ukazuju da je situacija alarmantna i kada je u pitanju nivo fizičkih aktivnosti i razvijenost fizičke forme dece. Od 1990. godine, trend učestvovanja u regularnim nivoima fizičke aktivnosti je u opadanju u svim uzrasnim kategorijama. Jedan od glavnih problema koji se javlja u istraživanjima fizičke aktivnosti mladih je odsustvo tačnih i pouzdanih testovnih procedura za merenje fizičke aktivnosti i stanja fizičke forme dece. Kada posmatramo najviše korišćene baterije testova za procenu stanja fizičke forme, možemo da primetimo da svi ti protokoli mere iste komponente: kardiorespiratoru izdržljivost, mišićnu snagu i izdržljivost, pokretljivost, i sastav tela. Sa druge strane, kada se meri nivo fizičke aktivnosti, najčešće primenjivan intstrument je upitnik. Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrđivanje stanja komponenti fizičke forme dece predškolskog uzrasta, uz pomoć preporučenih testovnih procedura, kao i procena nivoa fizičke aktivnosti u slobodno vreme uz pomoć upitnika. Ovakvo istraživanje obezbeđuje uvid u nivo razvijenosti fizičke forme predškolske dece, kao i karakter povezanosti obima fizičke aktivnosti u slobodno vreme sa stanjem fizičke forme. Rezultati ukazuje da deca, već u ovom uzrastu, pokazuju loše stanje nekih komponenti fizičke forme koje su povezane sa zdravljem. Takođe, deca nisu dovoljno aktivna ni u dnevnim i nedeljnim sportsko-rekreativnim aktivnostima.

Ključne reči: predškolci, fizička forma, fizička aktivnost.

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