INFLUENCE OF SECURITY THREATS ON TOURISM DESTINATION DEVELOPMENT

Bojan Kurež; Boris Prevolšek

doi:10.5937/timsact9-8126

Bojan Kurež
Boris Prevolšek Fakulteta za turizem v Brežicah, Univerza v Mariboru

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5937/timsact9-8126

Sažetak

The aim of the paper is to analyze the modern security environment and its impact on tourism destination development. Contemporary security environment is a result of historical events affected by the elements of the contemporary safety and political environment. Ground security concepts, which dominate contemporary security environment, are pointed out and further linked to the development of the modern security threats shaping tourism destination development. We are pointing out how the major security threats influence the tourism destination development. Methodology is based on secondary analysis of literature. Several current case studies are made to support conclusions on relationship between security and tourism destination developments.

Keywords: Safety, Security, Tourism, Destination, Development

Reference

Adamoli, S., Di Nicola, A., Savona, E. U. and Zoffi, P (1998). Organized Crime Around the World. Helsinki: European Institute for Crime Prevention and Control.

Alsarayreh, M. N., Jawabreh, O. A. A. andHelalat, M. S. (2010). The influence of Terrorism on the International Tourism Activities.European Journal of Social Sciences, 13(1), 145-160.

Blake, A. and Sinclair, M. T. (2002).Tourism Crisis Management, Responding to September 11.Nottingam: ChristelDeHaan Tourism and Travel Research Institute.

Brunt, P., Mawby, R. andHambly, Z. (2000).Tourist victimization and the fear of crime on holiday.Tourism management, 21, 417-424.

Budiani-Saberi, D.A. and Delmonico, F.L. (2008). Organ Trafficing and Transplantation Tourism: A Commentary on the Global Realities. American Journal of Transplantation, 8, 925-929.

Cothran, C. A. andCothran, C. C. (1998).Promise or Political Risk for Mexican Tourism.Annals of Tourism Research, 25(2), 477-497.

Čavlek, N. (2002).Tour operators and destination safety.Annals of Tourism Research, 29(2), 478-496.

Dobovšek, B. (2005). Organizirani kriminal kot peta veja oblasti. In G. Meško, M. Pagon and B. Dobovšek (Ed.), Izzivisodobnegavarstvoslovja (p. 299-312). Ljubljana: Fakulteta za policijsko-varnostnevede.

Faulkner, B. (2001). Towards a framework for tourism disaster management.Tourism Management, 22, 135-147.

Goodrich, J.N. (2002). September 11, 2001 attack on America: a record of the immediate impacts and reactions in the USA travel and tourism industry. Tourism Management, 23, 573-580.

Hall, C. M., Timothy, D. J. and Duval, D. T. (2003). Security and Tourism: Towards a New Understanding? In C. M. Hall, D. J. Timothy in D. T. Duval (ur.), Safety and Security in Tourism (p. 1-18). New York: The Haworth Press Inc.

Hough, P. (2004). Understanding Global Security. London and New York: Routledge.

Kuo, H. I., Chen, C. C., Tseng, W.C., Ju, L. F. and Huang, B. W. (2008). Assessing impacts of SARS and Avian Flu on international tourism demand to Asia. Tourism Management, 29, 917-928.

Kurež, B., Mekinc, J. and Anžic, A. (2009).Človekove pravice v luči novih groženj varnosti. Teorija in praksa, 46(5), 170-185.

Lubi, D. (2004). Teorija strategije. Študijsko gradivo. Ljubljana: Fakulteta za družbene vede.

Mansfeld,Y. andPizam, A. (2006). Tourism, Security & Safety. Oxford: Elsevier Inc.

Mihalič, T. (1996).Tourism and Warfare.The Case of Slovenia.In A. Pizam in Y.Mansfeld (Ed.), Tourism, Crime and International Security Issues (p. 231-246). New York: Wiley.

Ovsenik, M. (1999).Osebnavarnostkotdejavnik v turizmu.In A. Anžič (Ed.), Varnost in turizem (p. 289-303). Ljubljana: Visokapolicijsko-varnostnašola.

Pečar, J. (1999), Viktimološkipogledina turizem – turističnakriminaliteta. In A. Anžič (Ed.), Varnost in turizem (p. 315-328). Ljubljana: Visokapolicijsko-varnostnašola.

Pizam, A. (1999). A Comprehensive Approach to Classifying Acts of Crime and Violence at Tourism Destinations.Journal of Travel Research, 38(1), 5-12.

Pizam, A. andMansfeld, Y. (2006), Toward a Theory of tourism Security. In Y. Mansfeld and A. Pizam (Ed.), Tourism, Security & Safety (p. 1-28). Oxford: Elsevier Inc.

Richard, G. (2002). Tourist’s perception of safety and security while visiting Cape Town.Tourism Management, 24, 575-585.

Rittichainuwat,B. N. andChakraborty, G. (2009). Perceived travel risk regarding terrorism and disease: The case of Thailand. Tourism Management, 30, 410-418.

Sönmez, S. F. (1988). Tourism, Terrorism, and Political Instability.Annals of Tourism Research, 25(2), 416-456.

Sönmez, S. F. andGraefe, A. R. (1998). Influence of terrorism risk on foreign tourism decision. Annals of Tourism Research, 25(1), 112-144.

Tarlow, E. P. (2006), A Social Theory of Terrorism and Tourism. In Y. Mansfeld and A.Pizam (Ed.), Tourism, Security & Safety (p. 33-48). Oxford: Elsevier Inc.

UNWTO (2007).http://unwto.org/facts/eng/pdf/indicators/ITA_Americas.pdf, obtained22.10.2007

http://24ur.com/novice/svet/delo-upocasnjuje-radioaktivna-voda.html, obtained 28.3.2011.

http://en.rian.ru/world/20110203/162427405.html, obtained 28.3.2011.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_tourism, obtained 23.3.2011.

http://www.allvoices.com/contributed-news/8057707-at-least-150-people-were-killed-and-500-others-missing-in-egypt, obtained 28.3.2011

http://www.eturbonews.com/21877/japan-tourism-versus-tsunami, obtained 28.3.2011.

http://www.justlanded.com/english/Italy/Articles/Culture/Crime-in-Italy , obtained 23.3.2011.

(http://www.sourcejuice.com/1016841/2006/04/18/Carrying-fake-brand-name-may-subject-heavy-fines-Europe/, obtained 23.3.2011.

http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5286.htm, obtained 24.3.2011.

http://www.stat.si/letopis/2010/25_10/25-02-10.xls, obtained 28.3.2011.

http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/43427, obtained 24.3.20111.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/death-toll-from-japans-disasters-over-8000-more-than-12000-missing/2011/03/20/ABF4yV0_story.html, obtained 28.3.2011.