Autopolymerized poly(methyl methacrylate) reinforced with aluminum trioxide nanoparticles

Sebastian Baloš; Branislava Petronijević-Šarčev; Ivan Šarčev; Siniša Mirković; Branka Pilić; Tatjana Baloš; Petar Janjatović

doi:10.2298/VSP200508077B

Sebastian Baloš University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Production Engineering, Novi Sad, Serbia
Branislava Petronijević-Šarčev University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dentistry, Novi Sad, Serbia
Ivan Šarčev University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dentistry, Novi Sad, Serbia
Siniša Mirković University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dentistry, Novi Sad, Serbia
Branka Pilić University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Department of Materials Engineering, Novi Sad, Serbia
Tatjana Baloš Dental Clinic “Dentalium”, Novi Sad, Serbia
Petar Janjatović University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Department of Production Engineering, Novi Sad, Serbia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP200508077B

Keywords: acrylates;, calorimetry, differential scanning;, denture rebasing;, elasticity;, materal testing;, nanoparticles;, polymethyl methacrylate;, stress, mechanical

Abstract

Background/Aim. Mechanical properties, most significantly flexural strength of cold polymerized acrylic dental materials, used for denture reparation are lower compared to the equivalent hot polymerized materials. This paradox can be rectified by the application of alumina nanoparticles, which was the aim of this work. Methods. The liquid component of the commercial autopolymerized denture reline resin was modified with 0.05%, 0.2% and 1.5% (wt) 13 nm hydrophobic Al₂O₃. These mixtures, along with the unmodified liquid, were mixed with the powder component to form test specimens. Flexural modulus and strength were tested, while the results were statistically evaluated by the one-way ANOVA analysis followed by Tukey’s test. Differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis were performed to assess the heat and fracture surface features. Results. A statistically significant increase in flexural modulus was obtained only for 0.2% nanoparticle content, while flexural strength was significantly increased for specimens modified with 0.05% and 0.2% nanoparticles. Moreover, the rise of nanoparticle content to 1.5% contributed the formation of agglomerates, giving unsatisfactory mechanical properties. Also, the rise in glass transition temperature was noted for the most effective 0.05 and 0.2% Al₂O₃ contents. Conclusion. The 0.2% 13 nm Al₂O₃ loading is the most effective in improving the tested mechanical properties of cold polimerized poly(methyl methacrylate) reline resin.

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