A preliminary study on local administration of dexamethasone after tooth extraction ─ Better preservation of residual alveolar ridge?
Abstract
Background/Aim. It is important that the height of the edentulous alveolar ridge after tooth extraction remains at a reasonable acceptable level for as long as possible. The aim of this study was to report preliminary results of the clinical effect of local oral submucous administration of dexamethasone after tooth extractions in order to prepare alveolar supporting tissues for acceptance of removable dentures. Methods. In a total of 15 patients (11 partially and 4 completely edentulous) the quantity of 0.25 mL to 0.5 mL of dexamethasone was injected bucally and orally in the region of the tooth socket after complicated extractions. Results. Healing of extraction wounds was uneventful in all the patients, without pain or local inflammation. Conclusion. Dexamethasone can be locally applied to oral tissues to prevent post-extraction inflammation and extensive resorption of the residual alveolar ridge. The obtained results are promising for patients undergoing classic prosthodontic rehabilitation soon after tooth extraction, demonstrating that there are no adverse effects after local oral corticosteroids administration.
References
Alexander RE, Throndson RR. A review of perioperative corti-costeroid use in dentoalveolar surgery. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2000; 90(4): 406−15.
Montgomery MT, Hogg JP, Roberts DL, Redding SW. The use of glucocorticosteroids to lessen the inflammatory sequelae following third molar surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1990; 48(2): 179−87.
Gersema L, Baker K. Use of corticosteroids in oral surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1992; 50(3): 270−7.
Markovic A, Todorovic Lj. Effectiveness of dexamethasone and low-power laser in minimizing oedema after third molar sur-gery: a clinical trial. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007; 36(3): 226−9.
Falkenstein E, Tillmann HC, Christ M, Feuring M, Wehling M. Multiple actions of steroid hormones: a focus on rapid, non-genomic effects. Pharmacol Rev 2000; 52(4): 513−56.
Atwood DA. Reduction of residual ridges: a major oral disease entity. J Prosthet Dent 1971; 26(3): 266−79.
Zmyslowska E, Ledzion S, Jedrzejewski K. Factors affecting man-dibular residual ridge resorption in edentulous patients: a pre-liminary report. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2007; 66(4): 346−52.
Ortman HR. Factors of bone resorption of the residual ridge. J Prosthet Dent 1962; 12(3): 429−40.
Xie Q, Närhi TO, Nevalainen JM, Wolf J, Ainamo A. Oral status and prosthetic factors related to residual ridge resorption in elderly subjects. Acta Odontol Scand 1997; 55(5): 306−13.
Poštić S, Marković D, Krstić M, Rakočević Z, Brković S. Radio-graphic assessment of edentulous residual ridge reductions. Proceedings of the 15th Congress of the BaSS; 2010 April 22−25; Greece, Thessaloniki; 2010.
Zarb GA, Bolender CL, Eckert SE, Jacob RF, Fenton AH, Mericske-Stern R. Prosthodontic treatment for edentulous patients: Complete dentures and implant-supported prostheses. St. Louis: Mosby; 2004.
Maeda Y, Wood WW. Finite element method simulation of bone resorption beneath a complete denture. J Dent Res 1989; 68(9): 1370−3.
Stoll ML, Good J, Sharpe T, Beukelman T, Young D, Waite PD, et al. Intra-articular corticosteroid injections to the temporoman-dibular joints are safe and appear to be effective therapy in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 70(8): 1802−7.
ElHag M, Coghlan K, Christmas P, Harvey W, Harris M. The anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone and therapeutic ultra-sound in oral surgery. Brit J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1985; 23(1): 17−23.
Assimes TL, Lessard LM. The use of perioperative corticoster-oids in craniomaxillofacial surgery. Plast Reconstruc Surg 1999; 103(1): 313−22.
