Biochemical and functional quality assessment of platelet concentrates

Nebojša Vacić; Ana Antić; Zoran Stanojković; Miodrag Vučić; Milan Lazarević

doi:10.2298/VSP180226059V

Nebojša Vacić Clinical Center Niš, Clinic for Haematology, Niš, Serbia
Ana Antić Blood Transfusion Institute Niš, Niš, Serbia
Zoran Stanojković Blood Transfusion Institute Niš, Niš, Serbia
Miodrag Vučić Clinical Center Niš, Clinic for Haematology, Clinic for Vascular Surgery, Niš, Serbia
Milan Lazarević Clinical Center Niš, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Niš, Serbia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP180226059V

Keywords: blood platelets, reference standards, blood chemical analysis, platelet aggregation, platelet count

Abstract

Background/Aim. Preparation of platelet concentrate (PC) from a unit of whole blood is a method dependent on a number of factors, which alone or together, can have a significant impact on the quality of the final product. Quality of PCs is determined with criteria defined in the Guide to the preparation, use and quality assurance of the Council of European Committee for Blood Transfusion. The aim of the study was to analyze the quality of PCs prepared from buffy coat (BC) and to allocate the factors of improvement and standardization of the quality of PCs. Methods. The study included a total of 80 PCs prepared from BC according to the standard procedure in the Blood Transfusion Institute Niš. The quality of PCs was determined according to the product volume and laboratory testing on the first (PC₁), the third (PC₃) and the fifth day (PC₅) of the PC storage. The following parameters were determined: platelets, residual erythrocytes and leukocytes count, gas analysis [partial pressure of oxygen, carbon dioxide (pO₂, pCO₂)], pH, sterility and platelet aggregation triggered by using 3.2, 6.4 and 9.6 μg collagen/mL (impedance aggregometry). Results. There were significantly lower platelet count, pO₂, pCO₂and pH in the PC₃ and PC₅samples (p < 0.001). Except for the fulfillment of the criteria for platelet count, all the other quality parameters were in accordance with recommended criteria. Platelet aggregation for all the concentrations of collagen showed a decrease during the storage period, with statistically significant differences for PC₃and PC₅ as compared to PC₁ (p < 0.01). There was statistically significant decrease in activity of PCs triggered with higher concentrations of collagen (6.4 and 9.6 μg collagen/mL) in comparison with lower concentration of collagen (3.2 μg collagen/mL). Conclusion. Platelet count, evaluated biochemical parameters and the platelet function were significantly changed during the storage period. In order to improve the quality of PCs it is important to store the products under proper conditions, change the type of plastic bag for PC storage and use platelet additive solutions (PAS) instead of plasma.

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