Gingivitis and periodontitis in children and adolescents suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus

  • Dragana Radomir Daković Dental Clinic,Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Ivan Mileusnić Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Stomatology, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Pančevo, Serbia
  • Zoran Hajduković Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia; Clinic of Endocrinology, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Saša Čakić Clinic of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Miloš Hadži-Mihajlović
Keywords: diabetes mellitus, type 1, gingivitis, periodontitis, child, adolescent,

References

The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Report of the Expert Committee on the Di-agnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 1997; 20(7): 1187−93.

Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Di-abetes Mellitus. Follow-up Report on the Diagnosis of Di-abetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 2003; 26(11): 3160−67.

American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2006; 29(Suppl 1): 43−8.

Pavlović MD, Milenković T, Dinić M, Misović M, Daković D, Todorović S, et al. The prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in young patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2007; 30(8):1964-7.

Löe H. Periodontal disease. The sixth complication of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1993; 16(1): 329−34.

Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications, Part 1: Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med 1998; 15(7): 539−53.

Rakić M, Zelić K, Pavlica D, Hadžimihajlović M, Milašin J, Miličić B, et al.. Association between clinical parameters and the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphy-romonas gingivalis in patients with progressive periodontal le-sions. Vojnosanit Pregl 2010; 67(11): 898−902.

Noack B, Genco RJ, Trevisan M, Grossi S, Zambon JJ, de Nardin E. Periodontal infections contribute to elevated systemic C-reactive protein level. J Periodontol 2001; 72(9): 1221−7.

Ebersole JL, Machen RL, Steffen MJ, Willmann DE. Systemic acute-phase reactants, C-reactive protein and haptoglobin, in adult periodontitis. Clin Exp Immunol 1997; 107(2): 347−52.

Cianciola LJ, Park BH, Bruck E, Mosovich L, Genco RJ. Prevalence of periodontal disease in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (juvenile diabetes). J Am Dent Assoc 1982; 104(5): 653−60.

Lalla E, Cheng B, Lal S, Tucker S, Greenberg E, Goland R, et al. Periodontal changes in children and adolescents with diabetes: a case-control study. Diabetes Care 2006; 29(2): 295−9.

Daković D, Pavlović MD. Periodontal disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Serbia. J. Periodontol 2008; 79(6): 987−92.

Jenkins WM, Papapanou PN. Epidemiology of periodontal dis-ease in children and adolescents. Periodontology 2000 2001; 26: 16−32.

Pinson M, Hoffman WH, Garnick JJ, Litaker MS. Periodontal dis-ease and type I diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. J Clin Periodontol 1995; 22(2): 118−23.

Goteiner D, Vogel R, Deasy M, Goteiner C. Periodontal and caries experience in children with insulin-dependent diabetes melli-tus. J Am Dent Assoc 1986; 113(2): 277−9.

Firatli E. The relationship between clinical periodontal status and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Results after 5 years. J Periodontol 1997; 68(2): 136−40.

Lalla E, Cheng B, Lal S, Kaplan S, Softness B, Greenberg E, et al. Diabetes mellitus promotes periodontal destruction in child-ren. J Clin Periodontol 2007; 34(4): 294−8.

Aren G, Sepet E, Ozdemir D, Dinççağ N, Güvener B, Firatli E. Pe-riodontal health, salivary status, and metabolic control in child-ren with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Periodontol 2003; 74(12): 1789−95.

Abbas F, van der Velden U, Hart AA, Moorer WR, Vroom TM, Scholte G. Bleeding/plaque ratio and the development of gingival inflammation. J Clin Periodontol 1986; 13(8): 774−82.

Grossi SG, Skrepcinski FB, DeCaro T, Robertson DC, Ho AW, Dunford RG, et al. Treatment of periodontal disease in diabetics reduces glycated hemoglobin. J Periodontol 1997; 68(8): 713−9.

Taylor GW, Burt BA, Becker MP, Genco RJ, Shlossman M, Knowler WC, et al. Severe periodontitis and risk for poor glycemic control in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes melli-tus. J Periodontol 1996; 67(10 Suppl): 1085−93.

Manouchehr-Pour M, Spagnuolo PJ, Rodman HM, Bissada NF. Im-paired neutrophil chemotaxis in diabetic patients with severe periodontitis. J Dent Res 1981; 60(3): 729−30.

de Fronzo RA, Ferrannini E. Insulin resistance. A multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Dia-betes Care 1991; 14(3): 173−94.

D'Aiuto F, Parkar M, Andreou G, Suvan J, Brett PM, Ready D, et al. Periodontitis and systemic inflammation: control of the lo-cal infection is associated with a reduction in serum inflamma-tory markers. J Dent Res 2004; 83(2): 156−60.

Mealey BL, Oates TW. Diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseas-es. J Periodontol 2006; 77(8): 1289−303.

Geerts SO, Nys M, De Mol P, Charpentier J, Albert A, Legrand V, et al. Systemic release of endotoxins induced by gentle masti-cation: association with periodontitis severity. J Periodontol 2002; 73(1): 73−8.

Southerland JH, Taylor GW, Offenbacher S. Diabetes and Peri-odontal Infection: Making the Connection. Clinical Diabetes 2005; 23(4): 171−8.

Lalla E, Lamster IB, Feit M, Huang L, Spessot A, Qu W, et al. Blockade of RAGE suppresses periodontitis-associated bone loss in diabetic mice. J Clin Invest 2000; 105(8): 1117−24.

Glavind L, Lund B, Loe H. The relationship between periodon-tal state and diabetes duration, insulin dosage and retinal changes. J Periodontol 1968; 39(6): 341−7.

Taylor GW. Bidirectional interrelationships between diabetes and periodontal diseases: an epidemiologic perspective. Ann Periodontol 2001; 6(1): 99−12.

Foia L, Toma V, Surlin P. Diabetes mellitus impact on peri-odontal status in children and adolescents. In: Manakil J, edi-tor. Periodontal Diseases - A clinician's Guide. Rijeka, Croatia: InTech 2011. p. 179−96.

Lee Y, Wong DT. Saliva: an emerging biofluid for early detec-tion of diseases. Am J Dent 2009; 22(4): 241−8.

Patil PB, Patil BR. Saliva: a diagnostic biomarker of periodontal diseases. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2011; 15(4): 310−7.

Daković D. Malondialdehyde as an indicator of local oxydative cell damage in patients suffering from periodontitis [mater’s thesis]. Belgrade, Serbia: Military Medical Academy; 2005. (Serbian)

Daković D, Brkić Z, Žunić G. Measurement of the concentration of salivary malondialdehyde in patients suffering from peri-odontitis. Stomatološki informator 2005; 11(17): 7−11. (Ser-bian)

Kamma JJ, Giannopoulou C, Vasdekis VG, Mombelli A. Cytokine profile in gingival crevicular fluid of aggressive periodontitis: influence of smoking and stress. J Clin Periodontol 2004; 31(10): 894−902.

Ide M, Jagdev D, Coward PY, Crook M, Barclay G, Wilson RF. The short-term effects of treatment of chronic periodontitis on circulating levels of endotoxin, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6. J Periodontol 2004; 75(3): 420−8.

Belardelli F, Ferrantini M. Cytokones as a link between innate and adaptive antitumor immunity. Trends Immunol 2002; 23(4): 201−8.

Górska R, Gregorek H, Kowalski J, Laskus-Perendyk A, Syczewska M, Madaliński K. Relationship between clinical parameters and cytokine profiles in inflamed gingival tissue and serum samples from patients with chronic periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2003; 30(12): 1046−52.

Graves DT, Liu R, Alikhani M, Al-Mashat H, Trackman PC. Di-abetes-enhanced inflammation and apoptosis - impact on pe-riodontal pathology. J Dent Res 2006; 85(1): 15−21.

Engebretson SP, Hey-Hadavi J, Ehrhardt FJ, Hsu D, Celenti RS, Grbic JT, et al. Gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-1beta and glycemic control in patients with chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. J Periodontol 2004; 75(9): 1203−8.

Iacopino AM, Cutler CW. Pathophysiological relationships be-tween periodontitis and systemic disease: Recent concepts in-volving serum lipids. J Periodontol 2000; 71(8): 1375−84.

de Queiroz AC, Taba M, O'Connell PA, da Nóbrega PB, Costa PP, Kawata VK, et al. Inflammation markers in healthy and peri-odontitis patients: a preliminary data screening. Braz Dent J 2008; 19(1): 3−8.

Schmidt AM, Yan SD, Wautier JL, Stern D. Activation of recep-tor for advanced glycation end products: a mechanism for chronic vascular dysfunction in diabetic vasculopathy and atherosclerosis. Circ Res 1999; 84(5): 489−97.

Sloop GD. Atherosclerosis: An inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999; 340(24): 115−26.

Verma S. C-reactive protein incites atherosclerosis. Can J Car-diol 2004; 20(Suppl B): 29−31.

Schmidt AM, Weidman E, Lalla E, Yan S, Hori O, Cao R, et al. Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) induce oxidant stress in the gingiva: a potential mechanism underlying accelerated periodontal disease associated with diabetes. J Periodontol Res 1996; 31(7): 508−15.

Erbağci AB, Tarakçioğlu M, Coşkun Y, Sivasli E, Sibel NE. Me-diators of inflammation in children with type I diabetes melli-tus: cytokines in type I diabetic children. Clin Biochem 2001; 34(8): 645−50.

Daković D, Čolić M, Čakić S, Mileusnić I, Hajduković Z, Stamatović N. Salivary interleukin-8 levels in children suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Clinical Pediatr Dent 2013; 37(4): 377−80.

Chettab K, Zibara K, Belaiba SR, Mcgregor JL. Acute hyperglicae-mia induces changes in the transcription levels of 4 major genes in human endothelial cells: macroarrays-based expres-sion analysis. Tromb Haemost 2002; 87(1): 141−8.

Jain SK, Rains JL, Croad JL. High glucose and ketosis (acetoace-tate) increases, and chromium niacinate decreases, IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 secretion and oxidative stress in U937 monocytes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2007; 9(10): 1581−90.

Karlsson Faresjo MG, Ernerudh J, Ludvigsson J. Cytokine profile in children during the first 3 months after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Scand J Immunol 2004; 59(5): 517−26.

Foss Freitas MC, Foss NT, Donadi EA, Foss MC. Effect of me-tabolic control on interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 pro-duction by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. Braz J Med Biol Res 2007; 40(5): 671−7.

Daković D. The influence of type 1 diabetes mellitus on peri-odontal damage and salivary cytokines leves in chidlren and adolescents [dissertation]. Belgrade, Serbia: Military Medical Academy; 2010. (Serbian)

Kolb H, Mandrup Poulsen T. An immune origin of type 2 di-abetes. Diabetologia 2005; 48(6): 1038−50.

Rylander H, Ramberg P, Blohme G, Lindhe J. Prevalence of peri-odontal disease in young diabetics. J Clin Periodontol 1987; 14(1): 38−43.

Rosenthal IM, Abrams H, Kopczyk A. The relationship of in-flammatory periodontal disease to diabetic status in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. J Clin Periodontol 1988; 15(7): 425−9.

Sandholm L, Swanljung O, Rytomaa I, Kaprio EA, Maenpaa J. Peri-odontal status of Finnish adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Periodontol 1989; 16(10): 617−20.

Karjalainen KM, Knuuttila ML. The onset of diabetes and poor metabolic control increases gingival bleeding in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Periodontol 1996; 23(12): 1060−7.

Published
2015/07/08
Section
Review Paper