Inequalities in Health in a Municipality in Serbia

Tatjana  Simović; Jasmina Ruse Radojlovic; Mensur  Memić

doi:10.2298/VSP160321360S

Tatjana Simović College of Health Studies,
Jasmina Ruse Radojlovic High medical school of vocational studies "Milutin Milanković", Belgrade, Serbia.
Mensur Memić State University of Novi Pazar

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP160321360S

Ključne reči: zdravstveno stanje;, socijalno-ekonomski faktori;, zdravstvene službe;, srbija

Sažetak

Uvod/Cilj. U mnogim zemljama Evrope opisana je postojana povezanost između socijalno-ekonomskih faktora i zdravlja. Ciljevi ovog istraživanja bili su da se analizira povezanost između socijalno-ekonomskih faktora i samoprecene zdravstvenog stanja kao i korišćenja zdravstvenih usluga, i da se sagledaju intervencije za prevazilaženje uočenih problema. Metode. Sprovedena je hibridna studija. Dve uzasopne studije preseka (1999. i 2015. godine) su realizovane na uzorku stanovnika (196 ispitanika u 1999. i 226 ispitanika u 2015. godini) gradskog jezgra grada Kruševca. Instrument istraživanja je bio upitnik. Rezultati. U posmatranom periodu došlo je do: značajnog povećanja udela onih koji nemaju stalne izvore prihoda (χ² = 22.800; df = 4; p < 0.01), smanjenja udela onih koji svoje zdravlje percipiraju kao dobro i izuzetno dobro, značajnog povećanja (za 6,1%) onih koji se u slučaju bolesti ne javljaju nikome i smanjenja broja za 13,2% onih koji su potražili pomoć lekara barem jedanput, povećanja udela onih koji se obraćaju lekaru u privatnom sektoru zdravstva. Rezultati ukazuju na nejednakost u samoproceni zdravlja u odnosu na socijalno-ekonomski položaj, a posebno u odnosu na nivo obrazovanja i status zaposlenosti (χ² = 11.293; df = 4; p < 0.05). Nezaposlenost na dva načina utiče na zdravlje: preko nedostatka materijalnih sredstava i preko nedostatka sposobnosti da se zadovolje dnevne potrebe, kao i preko emocionalnog stresa povezanog sa gubitkom posla, neizvesnom budućnosti, gubitkom samopouzdanja i identiteta. Zaključak. Jednakost je ključna vrednost u proceni uticaja na zdravlje. Neophodne su efektivne intervencije za prevazilaženje posledica nejednakosti u društvu, koje bi se sprovele na određenoj ciljnoj grupi na jednom području.

Biografija autora

Jasmina Ruse Radojlovic, High medical school of vocational studies "Milutin Milanković", Belgrade, Serbia.

Teacher on preventive Medicine In High medical school of vocational studies "Milutin Milanković", Belgrade, Serbia.

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