Uticaj somatskih tegoba na nastanak depresivnosti i anksioznosti kod studenata u Srbiji
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Depresija i anksioznost predstvljaju ozbiljan javnozdravstveni problem koji karakteriše visoka prevalencija, hronični tok i dugotrajan proces lečenja. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se utvrditi uticaj somatskih i prodruženih nespecifičnih psihičkih simptoma na nastanak depresivnosti i anksioznosti kod ispitivane studentske populacije. Metode. Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao epidemiološka studija preseka na uzorku od 1 940 studenata, korišćenjem upitnika konstruisanog za potrebe istraživanja koji je pored karakteristika somatskih i pridruženih nespecifičnih psihičkih simptoma (Sometic and Non-specific Mental Symptoms – SNMS), obuhvatao Bekovu skalu za procenu depresivnosti i Bekovu skalu za procenu anksioznosti. Prisustvo određenih somatskih i pridruženih nespecifičnih psihičkih simptoma tokom poslednjih šest meseci poslužilo je za kreiranje nove varijable nazvane SNMS skor. Rezultati. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) kriva pokazala da je vrednost SNMS skora vrlo dobar marker za distinkciju studenata sa depresivnošću od studenata bez nje (area = 0,754, p < 0,05). Granična vrednost bila je 8,50, senzitivnost 67,6%, a specifičnost 69,4%. Binarna logistička regresija pokazala je da vrednost SNMS utiče na pojavu depresivnosti. Količnik rizika (Odds ratio – OR) bio je 1,052 [95% interval poverenja (IP) 1,045–1,059], što znači da se povećanjem vrednosti ove promenljive za 1, povećava rizik od nastanka depresivnosti za 5,2%. ROC kriva pokazala je da je vrednost SNMS odličan marker za distinkciju studenata sa anksioznošću, od studenata bez anksioznosti (area = 0,800, p < 0,05). Granična vrednost (cut-off) bila je 7,50, pri čemu je senzitivnost iznosila 74,2%, a specifičnost 71,6%. Binarna logistička regresija pokazala je da vrednost SNMS utiče na pojavu anksioznosti. OR bila je 1,056 (95% IP 1,049–1,064), što znači da se povećanjem vrednosti ove promenljive za 1, povećava rizik od anksioznosti za 5,6%. Zaključak. Vrednost SNMS skora može biti dobar marker za skrining i distinkciju studenata sa depresivnošću od studenata bez nje, i odličan marker za skrining i distinkciju studenata sa anksioznošću od studenata bez anksioznih simptoma.
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