Da li je moguće menjati psihopatska obeležja kod osoba zavisnih od psihoaktivnih supstanci lečenih u verskim terapijskim zajednicama – da li dužina boravka pravi razliku?
Sažetak
Apstrakt
Uvod/Cilj. Verske terapijske zajednice se izdvajaju kao sve češći terapijski modalitet u tretmanu osoba zavisnih od psihoaktivnih supstanci (PAS). Svojim programom one utiču na bihevioralnu, psihološku, kognitivnu i socijalnu promenu među svojim korisnicima. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se ispita da li dužina boravka u verskoj terapijskoj zajednici može da doprinese promeni obeležja koje čine četiri Harove dimenzije psihopatije – Antisocijalno ponašanje, Životni stil, Interpersonalni odnosi i Psihopatski afekat. Drugi cilj je bio da se ispita da li grupa ispitanika sa istorijatom zloupotrebe PAS, na tretmanu u verskoj terapijskoj zajednici, ima izraženija obeležja psihopatije u odnosu na grupu koja nikada nije konzumirala PAS. Metode. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 59 muških ispitanika, prosečne starosti 29 godina, svih obrazovnih profila, podeljenih u tri grupe: prva grupa ispitanika zavisnih od PAS koji su godinu dana boravili na tretmanu u verskoj terapijskoj zajednici; druga grupa ispitanika koji su završili dvogodišnji tretman u zajednici; treću grupu su činili zdravi dobrovoljci koji nikada nisu zloupotrebljavali PAS. Korišćen je Upitnik za procenu psihopatije koji meri četiri Harove dimenzije psihopatije. Rezultati. Dobijene su statistički značajne razlike između ispitivanih grupa na dimenziji Antisocijalno ponašanje. Na datoj dimenziji beleži se razlika između kontrolne grupe zdravih dobrovoljaca i obe grupe zavisnika, kako onih koji se nalaze godinu dana na tretmanu, tako i onih koji su uspešno završili dvogodišnji tretman u zajednici. Na ispitanoj dimenziji, kontrolna grupa zdravih osoba ostvarila je prosečno najniže skorove, dok se ni na jednoj od ispitanih dimenzija nije zabeležila statistički značajna razlika između dve grupe koje su boravile na tretmanu. Zaključak. Dvogodišnji boravak u verskoj terapijskoj zajednici nije doprineo promeni obeležja psihopatije u odnosu na jednogodišnji boravak u istoj. Ispitanici koji imaju istorijat zloupotrebe PAS i koji se leče u verskoj terapijskoj zajednici imaju izraženija psihopatska obeležja u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu ispitanika koji nisu nikad zloupotrebljavali psihoaktivne supstance.
Reference
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