Zdravstvene posledice porodičnog nasilja nad ženama u Srbiji

  • Vesna Mijatović Jovanović University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia
  • Sonja Čanković University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia
  • Dragana Milijašević Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Center for Analysis, Planning and Organization of Health Care, Novi Sad, Serbia
  • Snežana Ukropina University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia
  • Mladen Jovanović University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia
  • Dušan Čanković University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP171130054M
Ključne reči: nasilje nad ženama, nasilje, porodično, zdravlje, faktori rizika, socijalno-ekonomski faktori, žene

Sažetak


Uvod/Cilj. Nasilje nad ženama u porodici je značajan javno-zdravstveni problem koji ostavlja ozbiljne zdrav­stvene i socijalne posledice po žene i njihove porodice. Cilj rada bio je da se analiziraju sociodemografske karakteristike žena koje su bile izložene porodičnom nasilju, kao i uticaj nasilja na zdravlje žena. Metode. Za potrebe istraživanja korišćeni su podaci Nacionalne studije istraživanja zdravlja stanovnika Srbije iz 2013. godine koja predstavlja studiju preseka na uzorku od 6 320 žena starosti 20–75 godina. Po­vezanost izloženosti nasilja sa socio-demografskim karakte­ristikama žena kao i sa zdravstvenim indikatorima i fakto­rima rizičnog ponašanja analizirana je korišćenjem modela univarijantne i multivarijantne logističke regresije. Rezul­tati. U toku poslednjih 12 meseci, 307 (4,9%) žena je bilo izloženo fi­ičkom i/ili psihičkom nasilju u porodici. Razvedene i raz­dvojene žene, siromašne žene, kao i žene sa slabom socijal­nom podrškom, češće su bile izložene nasilju. Žene koje su bile žrtve nasilja u porodici ređe su procenjivale svoje zdra­vlje kao dobro u odnosu na žene koje nisu bile žrtve nasilja u porodici [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0,47; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0,32–0,71], češće prijavljivale teške ili jako teške telesne bolove (AOR = 2,41; 95% CI = 1,74–3,33), izlo­enost stresu i pritisku (AOR = 2,62; 95% CI = 1,89–3,64) i bile depresivne (AOR = 3,24; 95% CI = 2,08–5,03). Žene žrtve nasilja u porodici češće su koristile lekove za spavanje ili za smirenje (AOR = 2,21; 95% CI = 1,67–2,93), alkohol (AOR = 1,42; 95% CI = 1,08–1,86) i češće su imale namerne prekide trudnoće (AOR = 3,11; 95% CI = 1,48–6,54) u odnosu na žene koje nisu bile žrtve nasilja u poro­dici. Zaključak. Žene žrtve nasilja pokazuju češće poremećaje u sferi fizičkog i psihičkog zdravlja u odnosu na žene koje nisu žrtve nasilja u porodici. Prevencija nasilja zahteva multisektorski pristup, u kome zdravstveni sektor ima centralnu ulogu koja podrazumeva ranu identifikaciju i prepoznavanje nasilja, adekvatnu po­oć, kao i dokumento­vanje i prijavljivanje nasilja.

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Objavljeno
2021/08/19
Broj časopisa
Vol. 77 Br. 1 (2020): Vojnosanitetski pregled
Rubrika
Originalni članak