Ekspresija ziksina kod obolelih od nesitnoćelijskog karcinoma pluća
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Nesitnoćelijski karcinom pluća (engl. non-small cell lung cancer ‒ NSCLC) je najčešći uzrok smrti od malignih tumora širom sveta. Rano otkrivanje bolesti najviše obećava u smislu smanjenja smrtnosti od ovog tipa karcinoma. Ziksin (ZYX) je član porodice proteina fokalnih adhezija, nedavno identifikovan kao potencijalni marker za rano otkrivanje NSCLC. Cilj studije bio je procena nivoa ekspresije ZYX kod obolelih od NSCLC i poređenje profila njegove ekspresije u serumu između ranih i odmaklih kliničkih stadijuma bolesti, različitih patohistoloških suptipova i različitih histoloških gradusa tumora. Metode. Uzorci krvi dobijeni su od 90 bolesnika sa verifikovanim NSCLC u svim kliničkim stadijumima bolesti i od 30 bolesnika bez kliničkih i radioloških znakova malignoma i bez prethodno verifikovane maligne bolesti. Za kvantitativno određivanje koncentracije humanog ZYX u krvi koristili smo ELISA (eng. enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay) test. Rezultati. Utvrđen je viši nivo ZYX u serumu bolesnika obolelih od NSCLC u poređenju sa kontrolnom grupom, sa izuzetno značajnom razlikom (p = 0,00). ROC kriva pokazala je visoku specifičnost testa sa AUC = 0,912. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u vrednostima ZYX kod dva najčešća tipa NSCLC, adenokarcinoma i skvamocelularnog karcinoma (p = 0,758). Nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u nivoima ZYX kod različitih kliničkih stadijuma bolesti (p = 0,518). Kod samo tri bolesnika verifikovan je dobro diferentovani tumor, pa nije bilo moguće izvući korisne podatke iz ovako malog uzorka. Nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika u dobijenim vrednostima ZYX kod bolesnika sa srednje diferentovanim i loše diferentovanim tumorom (p = 0,48). Zaključak. Utvrdili smo da je ZYX prekomerno eksprimiran kod NSCLC, ali nivo ekspresije nije značajnije korelisao sa veličinom tumora, niti uznapredovalim tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) stadijumom bolesti. Naši rezultati sugerišu da serumski ZYX ima potencijal kao dijagnostički tumor marker za rano otkrivanje NSCLC, bez obzira da li se radi o adenokarcinomu ili skvamocelularnom karcinomu pluća.
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