Koštana i hrskavičava metaplazija u kalcifikantnoj aortnoj stenozi
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Kalcifikacija je česta promena aortnog kuspisa i najčešći uzrok nastanka stenoze aortne valvule. Prema novijim istraživanjima, ona predstavlja aktivan proces, usko povezan sa stvaranjem koštanog tkiva u kalcifikantno obolelim kuspisima. Cilj istraživanja je bio analizirati demografske karakteristike bolesnika sa kalcifikantnom aortnom stenozom, najčešće simptome bolesti, prisutne komorbiditete i faktore rizika, kao i učestalost javljanja koštane i hrskavičave metaplazije i njenu udruženost sa komorbiditetima, ali i njen klinički značaj. Metode. Retrospektivno je analizirana medicinska dokumentacija 115 bolesnika kojima je u periodu od januara 2013. do decembra 2015. godine na Univerzitetskoj klinici postavljena dijagnoza kalcifikantne aortne stenoze. Rezultati. Kalcifikantna aortna stenoza češće se javljala kod muškog pola. Prosečna starost bolesnika bila je 67,3 godine. Najveći broj bolesnika bili su nepušači, prekomerne telesne mase. Najčešći klinički simptomi bolesti bili su zamaranje, gušenje i bolovi u grudima. Osamnaest (15,6%) bolesnika nije imalo simptome. Kod sedamnaest (14,8%) bolesnika patohistološki su nađene koštana i hrskavičava metaplazija. Pol, starost, pušenje, indeks telesne mase (BMI) imali su istu raspodelu među bolesnicima sa i bez patohistološki potvrđene metaplazije. Metaplazija je bila podjednako zastupljena kod bolesnika sa umerenom, teškom i kritičnom aortnom stenozom. Zaključak. Godine, pol, pušenje, BMI i vrednosti krvnog pritiska nisu faktori rizika ni za koštanu, ni za hrskavičavu metaplaziju.
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