Rodne razlike u intenzitetu stresa i mehanizama za kontrolu stresa kod studenata, budućih stručnjaka za pomoć u hitnim slučajevima
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Pred studente koji studiraju se obučavaju za helper profesije postavljeni su visoki akademski zahtevi koji uz interpersonalne, intrapersonalne i profesionalne zahteve mogu predstavljati značajan izvor stresa. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita intenzitet i učestalost izvora stresa, mehanizmi prevladavanja stresa i utvrde rodne razlike kod studenata, budućih helper profesionalaca. Metode. Sprovedena je opservaciona studija preseka među studentima Fakulteta bezbednosti Univerziteta u Beogradu (Srbija) koji završetkom studija stiču naziv menadžera bezbednosti, odgovornih za ljudske resurse u civilnom sektoru. Podaci su prikupljeni u periodu oktobar-novembar 2018. Korišćen je autorizovani upitnik Skala stresa kod mladih-30 (SSM-30) po Joviću, koji omogućava da studenti ocene intenzitet stresnih situacija na skali od 1 (minimalni) do 10 (maksimalni intenzitet). Upitnik SSM-30 je kombinacija Standardne skale životnih događaja – Holmes Rashe Life Events Scale, takođe poznate i kao Social Readjusment Rating Scale i životnih događaja karakterističnih za studentsku populaciju. Upitnik je uključivao i demografske karakteristike uzorka – pol i godinu studiranja. Skala SSM-30 obuhvata listu stresnih događaja i mehanizme za prevladavanje stresa koji su prikazani u rezultatima. Rezultati. Najčešće navođeni izvori stresa kod oba pola bili su socijalni i akademski: smrt u porodici, teža bolest u porodici, nesreća kod osobe koju volim, neželjena trudnoća, laž od strane bliskih osoba, neslaganje sa roditeljima, gubitak godine studija, besparica, ekonomska kriza, neizvesnost
nakon završetka studija i neverstvo partnera. Najčešće korišćeni mehanizmi kontrole i prevladavanja stresa su bili uglavnom socijalni: razgovor sa prijateljima, slušanje muzike, podrška porodice, česte šetnje, druženje i izlasci, upotreba interneta, a često i dugo spavanje, intenzivna fizička aktivnost, plakanje i relaksacija. Dokazane su statistički značajne razlike između polova sa većim intenzitetom samovrednovanja većine stresnih sutuacija kod studentkinja koje koriste drugačije mehanizme odbrane od studenata muškog pola. Zaključak. Dobijeni rezultati u vezi procene stresora i korišćenja specičnih mehanizama za suočavanje sa stresom, ukazuju na potrebu dodatne edukacije studenata u ovoj oblasti, kako bi bili više usmereni i slobodnije tražili stručnu profesionalnu pomoć kada je ona neophodna.
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