Povezanost između učestalosti poseta stomatologu i nezavisnih činilaca među odraslim stanovništvom starosti 20 i više godina u Srbiji
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Redovne kontrole kod stomatologa su važna komponenta opštih oralnih higijenskih navika. Pored redovnih kontrola kod stomatologa, podrazumeva se i redovno unapređivanje u oblasti oralnog zdravlja, kao i primena preventivnih mera po preporuci stomatologa. Cilj ove studije bio je utvrđivanje povezanosti između posete stomatologu i nezavisnih socio-demografskih faktora i pušenja kod odrasle populacije u Srbiji. Metode. Istraživanje predstavlja analizu podataka dobijenih u okviru Nacionalnog istraživanja zdravlja stanovništva Srbije koje je sprovedeno 2013. godine kao studija preseka na reprezentativnom uzorku odraslog stanovništva Srbije (bez podataka o stanovništvu Kosova i Metohije). Studijom je bilo obuhvaćeno 13 404 ispitanika starosti 20 godina i više. Prosečna starost ispitanika bila je 51,7 godina, uključujući 7 221 (53,9%) ženu i 6 183 (46,1%) muškarca. Prediktori učestalosti posete stomatologu analizirani su multivarijantnom logističkom regresijom. Poseta stomatologu je bila zavisna promenljiva, dok su nezavisne promenljive bile: pol, starost, bračni status, tip naselja, region, obrazovanje, radni status, indeks blagostanja i pušački status. Rezultati. Ustanovljene su značajne razlike između kategorija posete stomatologu i svih nezavisnih promenljivih, osim bračnog i pušačkog statusa. Rezultati multivarijantnog modela pokazali su da su šanse za posetu stomatologu u periodu "12 meseci ili duže“ u odnosu na "u poslednjih 6 meseci“ bile najveće kod starijih ispitanika [odds ratio (OR) = 1,03; 95% confidence interval (CI) =1 ,02–1,04], onih koji žive u naseljima van grada (OR = 1,17; 95% CI = 1,03–1,32), sa niskim (OR = 2,55; 95% CI =2,12–3,07) i srednjim nivoom obrazovanja (OR = 1,76; 95% CI = 1,54–2,00), nezaposlenih (OR = 1,20; 95% CI = 1,06–1,37), onih koji pripadaju siromašnijoj (OR = 1,30; 95% CI = 1,08–1,54) ili najsiromašnijoj klasi (OR = 1,71; 95% CI = 1,38–2,12) i pušača (OR = 1,13; 95% CI = 1,01–1,26). Zaključak. Socio-demografski faktori i pušenje su važni faktori vezani za posetu stomatologu. Ova studija može biti od pomoći u unapređenju redovnih poseta stomatologu, kao i programa zdravstvenog vaspitanja usmerenog na oralno zdravlje i prestanak pušenja.
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