Uticaj poverenja javnosti i medija na nivoe anksioznosti i depresije među stručnim radnicima tokom COVID-19 epidemije u Srbiji
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Pored velikog uticaja bolesti izazvane koronavirusom krajem 2019. godine (COVID-19) na fizičko zdravlje, socijalno funkcionisanje i ekonomiju, ovaj javnozdravstveni problem ima značajan uticaj i na mentalno zdravlje ljudi. Cilj rada bio je da se proceni uticaj informacija povezanih sa epidemiološkom situacijom i poverenja u zdravstveni sistem i preventivne mere tokom COVID-19 epidemije u Srbiji u 2020. godini na nivoe anksioznosti i depresije kod radnika obrazovne, vojne i zdravstvene struke. Metode. U studiji je korišćen anonimni upitnik koji je prosleđen stručnim radnicima iz obrazovnog, vojnog i sistema zdravstvene zaštite. U upitniku su korišćeni Bekova skala anksioznosti, Cungova skala samoprocene depresivnosti, kao i deo koji su kreirali autori i koji je ispitivao doživljaj uznemirenosti ispitanika informacijama koje se odnose na stanje epidemije i poverenje ispitanika u zdravstveni sistem i mere prevencije propisane od strane kriznog štaba. Rezultati. Od ukupno 110 ispitanika, uključenih u ovu studiju, prosečne starosti 35,25 ± 9,23 godina, 59,1% su činile žene. Kod zdravstvenih radnika su učestalost doživljavanja informacija u vezi sa stanjem epidemije, dostupnih putem medija, okarakterisanih kao uznemirujuće, kao i prosečan nivo anksioznosti, bili viši u odnosu na zaposlene u vojsci (p < 0,05). Žene su takođe doživljavale kao uznemirujuće javno dostupne informacije u vezi sa stanjem epidemije u višem procentu u poređenju sa muškarcima (p < 0,01), a imale su i prosečno više nivoe anksioznosti (p = 0,01) i depresije (p < 0,05). Nedostatak poverenja javnosti je bio povezan sa višim nivoima depresije, a doživljavanje informacija u vezi sa stanjem epidemije kao uznemirujućih, sa nivoima i anksioznosti i depresije. Zaključak. Izraženo doživljavanje informacija u vezi sa stanjem epidemije kao uznemirujućih među zdravstvenim radnicima, kao i značajno odsustvo poverenja u zdravstveni sistem i u preventivne mere predložene od strane kriznog štaba, predstavljaju značajne činioce sa uticajem na mentalno stanje. Ovakav nalaz ima zadatak da dodatno usmeri odgovorne institucije ka naporima da povećaju poverenje javnosti, kao jednu od važnijih preventivnih mera, u cilju očuvanja i unapređenja mentalnog blagostanja stanovništva u uslovima epidemije.
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