Gender differences in suicide in Serbia within the period 2016–2020:

Gordana J Dedić; Vesna Tepšić Ostojić

doi:10.2298/VSP210909015D

Gordana J Dedić Military Medical Academy, Psychiatric Clinic, Belgrade, Serbia; University of Defence, Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy
Vesna Tepšić Ostojić Military Medical Academy, Psychiatric Clinic, Belgrade, Serbia; University of Defence, Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP210909015D

Ključne reči: stare osobe;, epidemiologija;, pol;, faktori rizika;, srbija;, samoubistvo

Sažetak

Uvod/Cilj. U svetu se izvrši oko milion samoubistava godišnje, što ukazuje na značaj tog problema. Cilj rada bio je da se prikažu polne razlike kod osoba koje su izvršile samoubistvo u Srbiji u periodu od 2016. do 2020. godine i da se ukaže na najvažnije trendove u prethodnih 10 godina. Rad je nastavak istraživanja samoubistva u Srbiji za period od 2011. do 2016. godine. Metode. U istraživanju je korišćena jednaka metoda kao i u prethodnim istraživanjima, sa podacima dobijenim od Zavoda za statistiku Republike Srbije, procenom polne razlike za ukupan broj i stopu samoubistava, sociodemografskih karakteristika žrtava samoubistava i metoda samoubistava. Rezultati. U periodu od 2016. do 2020. ukupan broj samoubistava u Srbiji iznosio je 4 752, od čega su 75,1% bili muškarci (m), a 24,9% žene (ž) – m : ž = 3 : 1. Godišnja stopa samoubistava je konstantno opadala od 2016. do 2020. godine i 2020. godine bila je najniža (13 na 100 000 stanovnika). Samoubistvo su najčešće izvršili oženjeni muškarci (43,4%) i udovice (38,6%), sa srednjim obrazovanjem, u penziji. Oko četvrtine (24,5%) samoubistava izvršile su osobe starije od 75 godina, a 42,6% osobe starije od 65 godina. Vešanje, davljenje i gušenje su bile najčešće metode samoubistva, 64% (m) i 54,9% (ž). Zaključak. Stopa samoubistava u Srbiji u poslednjoj deceniji je u opadanju iz godine u godinu. U periodu od 2016. do 2020. godine odnos stope samoubistva m/ž varirao je u starosnim grupama, od 2,4 u grupi starijih od 75 godina do 9,1 u grupi adolescenata. Program prevencije samoubistva u Srbiji prvenstveno treba da bude usmeren na dve starosne grupe sa najvećim rizikom od samoubistva, na grupu starih osoba i na adolescente muškog pola. Sveobuhvatni državni program prevencije trebalo bi da bude usmeren na edukaciju lekara opšte prakse za rano otkrivanje visokorizičnih pojedinaca kako bi im se pružila psihijatrijska pomoć, uključujući i podršku preživelima.

Biografija autora

Gordana J Dedić, Military Medical Academy, Psychiatric Clinic, Belgrade, Serbia; University of Defence, Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy

Redovni profesor psihijatrije,

Načelnik odeljenja

Klinika za psihijatriju VMA

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Polne razlike osoba koje su izvršile samoubistvo u Srbiji u periodu od 2016. do 2020. godine

Prevencija suicida kod starih osoba

Sažetak

Biografija autora

Reference