Efekat treninga nervnog sistema povratnim informacijama (neurofeedback) na reakciono vreme kasnih komponenti auditivnih evociranih potencijala: placebom kontrolisano istraživanje
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Efekat treninga nervnog sistema povratnim informacijama – neurofeedback (NFB) trening senzomotornog ritma (SMR) doprinosi poboljšanju kognitivnih sposobnosti i povećanju pažnje. Snaga SMR se povećava kada je osoba usmerena na određeni kognitivni zadatak. Kraće vreme reakcije (VR) auditivnih evociranih potencijala (AEP) P300 povezano je sa boljom pažnjom. Stoga se očekuje da nakon NFB SMR treninga dođe do povećanja snage SMR i posledično do smanjenja VR u kognitivnom zadatku. Cilj rada bio je da se ispita mogućnost zdravih osoba da moduliraju SMR elektroencefalografske (EEG) aktivnosti između 12 i 15 Hz, tokom 20-dnevnih sesija NFB treninga. Pored toga, proučavan je i efekat NFB SMR treninga na VR. Metode. Ispitanici su podeljeni u eksperimentalnu i kontrolnu grupu, sa po 24 ispitanika (12 muškog i 12 ženskog pola) životnog doba između 25 i 40 godina. Ispitanici u eksperimentalnoj grupi trenirani su autentičnim NFB SMR treningom, dok je u kontrolnoj grupi primenjivan lažni (placebo) trening. AEP su registrovani u pet navrata: pre primene NFB treninga, posle 5, 10, i 20 sesija treninga, kao i jedan mesec nakon poslednjeg treninga. Rezultati. Rezultati su pokazali da serija od 20 NFB SMR treninga povećava amplitude SMR. U eksperimentalnoj grupi bilo je značajno skraćeno VR, dok u kontrolnoj grupi to nije zabeleženo. Takođe, povećanje snage EEG signala SMR bilo je u negativnoj korelaciji sa VR, ali samo u podgrupi ispitanika muškog pola. Zaključak. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na efekte NFB treninga na poboljšanje procesa pažnje, izraženo pomoću VR.
Reference
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