Multidisciplinarni model nege koji uključuje saradnju porodice u lečenju dijabetesa melitusa tipa 2 i pridruženog dijabetesnog distresa kod mladih i sredovečnih bolesnika
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Dijabetes melitus (DM) predstavlja značajan i trajan zdravstveni problem koji zbog raznih komplikacija koje nastaju usled neadekvatne kontrole stanja, dovodi do invaliditeta i mortaliteta. Cilj rada bio je da se ispita uticaj multidisciplinarnog modela nege koji uključuje saradnju porodice (MNSP) na lečenje tipa 2DM (T2DM) kod mladih i sredovečnih bolesnika, uzimajući u obzir prisustvo DM distresa. Metode. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 98 bolesnika uzrasta od 18 do 59 godina sa dijagnozom T2DM i koji su ispoljavali distres povezan sa DM . Bolesnici su primljeni na Odeljenje za endokrinologiju, Prve narodne bolnice Jingdžou, u provinciji Hubei, Kina, između februara i decembra 2023. godine. Korišćenjem metode tabele slučajnih brojeva, bolesnici su nasumično raspoređeni ili u interventnu grupu (IG) ili u kontrolnu grupu (KG), a u svakoj je bilo po 49 bolesnika. Dok su ispitanici obe grupe primili standardnu negu, ispitanici IG su dodatno dobili i MNSP. Procenjivani su i upoređivani nivoi glikoziliranog hemoglobina (HbA1c), Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS) skorovi, Summary of Diabetes Self-care Activities (SDSCA) skorovi i indeks telesne mase (ITM) između dve grupe, pre intervencije i tri meseca kasnije. Rezultati. Tri meseca posle intervencije, kod IG su utvrđeni niži nivoi HbA1c (6,02 ± 0,63 vs. 6,81 ± 0,85) i DDS skorovi (25,27 ± 2,70 vs. 34,24 ± 4,46), a viši SDSCA skorovi (30,69 ± 1,91 vs. 25,03 ± 2,13) u poređenju sa KG. Dodatno, ITM bolesnika u IG iznosio je 23,83 ± 2,51 kg/m2, što je u odnosu na ITM bolesnika u KG (25,64 ± 3,68 kg/m2) bilo statistički značajno (p < 0,05). Zaključak. Multidisciplinarni MNSP je pokazao efikasnost u snižavanju nivoa HbA1c i ITM, ublažavanju distres tegoba povezanih sa DM i poboljšanju sposobnosti samopomoći kod mladih i sredovečnih bolesnika sa T2DM i prisutnim distres tegobama povezanim sa DM.
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