Promene u maksimalnoj potrošnji kiseonika tokom rasta i razvoja devojčica koje igraju košarku i devojčica koje se ne bave sportom: longitudinalna studija
Sažetak
Uvod/cilj. Poznato je da je redovna fizička aktivnost važna za normalan rast i razvoj dece. Maksimalna potrošnja kiseonika (VO2max), kao mera funkcionalnog stanja organizma, u velikoj meri zavisi od nivoa fizičke aktivnosti, ali nije jasno u kojoj meri ova vrednost može biti unapređena tokom detinjstva. Cilj rada bilo je praćenje dinamike promene aerobne sposobnosti i antropometrijskih karakteristika devojčica koje treniraju košarku i onih koje se ne bave sportom u periodu od tri godine. Metode. U studiji je učestvovalo 48 devojčica podeljenih u dve grupe: grupa od 25 devojčica (uzrasta 13,84 ± 0,94) koje su trenirale košarku i grupa od 23 devojčice (uzrast 13,83 ± 0,98) koje se nisu bavile sportom. U cilju praćenja somatskog rasta tokom studije vršena su antropometrijska merenja i procena telesne kompozicije. Vrednosti VO2max dobijene su izvođenjem maksimalnog ergospirometrijskog testa opterećenja pokretnoj traci. Svi parametri mereni su na svakih 6 meseci tokom perioda od 3 godine. Rezultati. ANOVA analiza pokazala je značajan efekat interakcije između vremena studije i grupa u pogledu VO2max (p < 0.001), indeksa telesne mase (BMI) (p < 0.001) i procenta telesne masti (FAT%) (p < 0.01). Takođe, uočen je i očigledan porast VO2max u obe grupe tokom studije kao rezultat rasta i razvoja (p < 0.001). Zaključak. Glavni zaključak studije je porast u VO2max kao posledica rasta i razvoja. Takođe, redovna fizička aktivnost omogućila je održavanje normalne telesne kompozicije u pogledu BMI i FAT%, što sve zajedno može da implicira da organizovana fizička aktivnost ima pozitivan uticaj na praćene parametre.
Reference
References
Morrow JR Jr, Tucker JS, Jackson AW, Martin SB, Greenleaf CA, Petrie TA. Meeting physical activity guidelines and health-related fitness in youth. Am J Prev Med 2013; 44(5): 439–44.
Saygin O, Zorba E, Karacabey K, Mengutay S. Gender and maturation differences in health-related physical fitness and physical activity in Turkish children. Pak J Bioll Scis 2007; 10(12): 1963–9.
Nes BM, Østhus IØ, Welde B, Aspenes ST, Wisløff U. Peak oxygen uptake and physical activity in 13- to 18-year-olds: The Young-HUNT study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2013; 45(2): 304–13.
Morales-Suárez-Varela MM, Clemente-Bosch E, Llopis-González A. Relationship between the level of physical activity and markers of cardiovascular health in Valencian adolescents (Spain). Arch Argent Pediatr 2013; 111(5): 398–404. (English, Spanish)
Živanić S, Životić-Vanović M, Mijić R, Dragojević R. Aerobic capacity and its assessment by Astrand stress test on the cycle ergometer. Belgrade: Udruženje za medicinu sporta Srbije; 1999. (Serbian)
Mirwald R, Bailey D, Cameron N, Rasmussen R. Longitudinal comparison of aerobic power in active and inactive boys aged 7.0 to 17.0 years. Ann Hum Biol 1981; 8(5): 405–14.
McNarry M, Jones A. The influence of training status on the aerobic and anaerobic responses to exercise in children: A review. Eur J Sport Sci 2014; 14 Suppl 1: S57–68.
Janz KF, Dawson JD, Mahoney LT. Tracking physical fitness and physical activity from childhood to adolescence: The muscatine study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32(7): 1250–7.
Subramanian SK, Sharma VK, Vinayathan A. Comparison of effect of regular unstructured physical training and athletic level training on body composition and cardio respiratory fitness in adolescents. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7(9): 1878–82.
Ostojic SM, Stojanovic MD, Stojanovic V, Maric J, Njaradi N. Correlation between fitness and fatness in 6-14-year old Serbian school children. J Health Popul Nutr. 2011; 29(1): 53–60.
Armstrong N, Tomkinson G, Ekelund U. Aerobic fitness and its relationship to sport, exercise training and habitual physical activity during youth. Br J Sports Med 2011; 45(11): 849–58.
Mountjoy M. Health and fitness of young people: What is the role of sport? Br J Sports Med 2011; 45(11): 837–8.
Pfeiffer KA, Dowda M, Dishman RK, Sirard JR, Pate RR. Physical fitness and performance. Cardiorespiratory fitness in girls-change from middle to high school. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007; 39(12): 2234–41.
Telford RM, Telford RD, Cunningham RB, Cochrane T, Davey R, Waddington G. Longitudinal patterns of physical activity in children aged 8 to 12 years: The LOOK study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2013; 10: 81.
Robbins LB, Pfeiffer KA, Vermeesch A, Resnicow K, You Z, An L, et al. "Girls on the Move", intervention protocol for increasing physical activity among low-active underserved urban girls: A group randomized trial. BMC Public Health 2013; 13: 474.
Marta CC, Marinho DA, Barbosa TM, Carneiro AL, Izquierdo M, Marques MC. Effects of body fat and dominant somatotype on explosive strength and aerobic capacity trainability in prepubescent children. J Strength Cond Res 2013; 27(12): 3233–44.
May AL, Kuklina EV, Yoon PW. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among US adolescents, 1999-2008. Pediatrics 2012; 129(6): 1035–41.
Labbrozzi D, Robazza C, Bertollo M, Bucci I, Bortoli L. Pubertal development, physical self-perception, and motivation toward physical activity in girls. J Adolesc 2013; 36(4): 759–65.
Taylor RW, Williams SM, Farmer VL, Taylor BJ. Changes in physical activity over time in young children: A longitudinal study using accelerometers. PLoS ONE 2013; 8(11): e81567.