Prevalencija hipertenzije kod odraslih u Šumadiji – unakrsno istraživanje
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Istraživanja Svetske zdravstvene organizacije na globalnom nivou pokazala su da je hipertenzija jedan od najvećih problema narodnog zdravlja. Visina krvnog pritiska iznad 140/90 mmHg direktno ukazuje na povezanost sa drugim kardiovaskularnim bolestima (KVD). Bolesti srca i krvnih sudova u Srbiji u 2006. godini su u strukturi mortaliteta činile više od polovine svih smrtnih ishoda. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi prevalencija hipertenzije, kao i rizične grupe kod odraslih stanovnika Šumadije. Metode. Ova studija preseka obuhvatala je reprezentativni uzorak od 1 669 odraslih u Šumadiji, starosti 25–74 godine, koji je formiran u skladu sa protokolom međunarodnog programa Countrywide Integrated Noncommunicable Diseases Intervention (CINDI). Rezultati. U Šumadiji više od polovine stanovništva (53%), starosti 25–74 godine ima hipertenziju. Novootkrivenu hipertenziju ima 9% stanovnika Šumadijskog okruga. U grupi osoba koje su znale da imaju povišen krvni pritisak dobra kontrola bolesti postignuta je samo kod 46%. Hipertenzija se statistički češće javljala kod ispitanika muškog pola, starosti 45–74 godine, kod ispitanika nižeg obrazovanja i seoskog stanovništva. Ovo su ciljne grupe za primenu strategije visokog rizika. Postoji statistički značajno veća učestalost hipertenzije kod osoba koje boluju od infarkta miokarda (p = 0,04), angine pektoris (p = 0,00), drugih bolesti srca (srčana insuficijencija) (p = 0,00) i cerebrovaskularnih kriza (p = 0,04). Zaključak. Neprekidan porast obolevanja od hipertenzije, skopčano s razvojem komplikacija i porastom udela kardiovaskularnih bolesti u strukturi uzroka smrti, ukazuje na nedovoljno efikasan pristup prevenciji i njihovom ranom otkrivanju na nivou primarne zdravstvene zaštite kod rizične grupe u Šumadiji.
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