Nadzor infekcije operativnog mesta kod ortopedskih bolesnika u Vojnomedicinskoj akademiji, Beograd
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Aktivno praćenje važan je deo strategije sni-ženja učestalosti infekcije operativnog mesta (IOM). Cilj rada bio je analiza i poređenje podataka dobijenih praće-njem ortopedskih bolesnika u Vojnomedicinskoj akademiji (VMA), Beograd. Metode. U cilju utvrđivanja stope učestalosti IOM kod ortopedskih bolesnika u VMA, kao i faktora rizika od nastanka infekcije, sprovedeno je 4-godišnje prospektivno, kohortno istraživanje. Prikupljeni su podaci o bolesnicima, o pruženim medicinskim uslugama, kao i o uzročnicima IOM. Za svakog bolesnika određen je indeks rizika od nastanka IOM Nacionalnog sistema nadzora nad bolničkim infekcijama u SAD-a (NNIS). U cilju dijagnoze IOM upotrebljeni su kriteriju-mi Centra za prevenciju i kontrolu bolesti (CDC) u SAD-u. Rezultati. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 3 867 bolesnika nakon različitih ortopedskih operacija, od kojih je 109 imalo IOM. Ukupna stopa učestalosti IOM iznosila je 2,8%, sa tendencijom sniženja od 4,6% u 2007. godini do 1,6% u 2010. Određivanjem indeksa rizika (NNIS) došlo se do sledećih rezultata: kod 53,7% (2 077) boles-nika sa rizikom 0 – stopa učestalosti bila je 1,4%; kod 38,9% (1 506) bolesnika sa rizikom 1 – stopa učestalosti bila je 3,1%; kod 7,3% (281) bolesnika sa rizikom 2 – stopa učestalosti bila je 11,7%; kod 0,1% (3) bolesnika sa rizikom 3 – nisu registrovane IOM. Multivarijantnom logističkom regresionom analizom identifikovano je šest nezavisnih faktora rizika povezanih sa nastankom IOM: kontaminirana ili prljava operativna mesta, pušenje duvana, preoperativna infekcija, NNIS indeks rizika, indeks telesne mase i dužina hospitalizacije. Zaključak. Podaci dobijeni našim istraživanjem značajni su za dokazivanje odnosa između faktora rizika i nastanka IOM kod ortopedskih bolesnika. Sniženje stope učestalosti IOM od 4,6% do 1,6% tokom 4 godine aktivnog praćenja dokazuje da njegova primena predstavlja važan deo strategije sniženja učestalosti IOM.
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