Polimorfizmi u genu za apolipoprotein E kao faktori rizika od ateroskleroze karotidnih arterija

  • Irena Zurnić Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vinča”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Tamara Djurić Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vinča”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Igor Končar Clinic for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Aleksandra Stanković Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vinča”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Dragan Dinčić Clinic for Urgent Internal Medicine, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Maja Živković Institut Vinča
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/2402
Ključne reči: genetic predisposition to disease||, ||bolest, genetska, predispozicija, carotid artery disease||, ||a.carotis, bolesti, polymorphism, genetic||, ||polimorfizam, genetički, apolipoproteins e||, ||apolipoproteini e,

Sažetak


Uvod/Cilj. Ateroskleroza je vodeći uzročnik smrtnosti u zapadnom svetu. Proces formiranja aterosklerotskog plaka podrazumeva akumulaciju ćelija inflamatornog odgovora, lipida, glatkih mišićnih ćelija i proteina vanćelijskog matriksa u intimi zida krvnog suda. Apolipoprotein E učestvuje u transportu egzogenog holesterola, endogeno sintetisanih lipida i triglicerida u organizmu. Gen koji kodira apolipoprotein E smatra se jednim od gena kandidata u izučavanju ateroskleroze. Rezultati prethodnih studija, urađenih na različitim populacijama, jasno ukazuju da su varijacije u genu za apolipoprotein E glavni modulatori nivoa lipoproteina male gustine u serumu. Do sada objavljeni rezultati koji se tiču povezanosti polimorfizama u genu za apolipoprotein E sa aterosklerozom karotidnih arterija su kontradiktorni. Zato je cilj ove studije bio da se ispita povezanost polimorfizama u genu za apolipoprotein E sa rizikom od nastanka aterosklerotskog plaka u karotidnim arterijama kao i sa nivoom proteina apolipoprotein E i lipida u serumu bolesnika sa aterosklerozom karotidnih arterija iz Srbije. Metode. Ovom studijom bilo je obuhvaćeno ukupno 495 ispitanika: 285 zdravih ispitanika u kontrolnoj grupi i 210 bolesnika sa aterosklerozom karotidnih arterija koji su bili upućeni na endarterektomiju. Genotipizacija polimorfizama u genu za apolipoprotein E je urađena metodama lančane reakcije polimeraze i analizom fragmenata dobijenih digestijom sa restrikcionim enzimima. Rezultati. Bolesnici su imali statistički značajno manju frekvenciju alela ε2 u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu. Ispitanici koji su bili nosioci genotipa sa bar jednom kopijom alela ε2 imali su statistički značajno viši nivo proteina apolipoprotein E i statistički značajno niži nivo lipoproteina male gustine u serumu u odnosu na bolesnike koji su bili nosioci genotipova bez prisustva alela ε2. Zaključak. Rezultati ove studije ukazuju na zaštitni efekat alela ε2 od nastanka aterosklerotskog plaka u karotidnim arterijama, kao i povezanost sa nižim nivoom lipoproteina male gustine u serumu bolesnika sa njihovom aterosklerozom. Neophodna su dalja istraživanja gena i faktora rizika iz spoljašnje sredine uključenih u nastanak ateroskleroze u različitim populacijama.

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Objavljeno
2015/04/23
Broj časopisa
Vol. 71 Br. 4 (2014)
Rubrika
Originalni članak