Eksperimentalni model empijema pleure kod kunića: zašto, kako i šta dalje

  • Vlado Cvijanović Thoracic Surgery Clinic, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serba
  • Danilo Vojvodić Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serba; Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Dragan Djurđević Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serba; Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Milena Jović Institute for Pathology and Forensic Medicine,Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Vojkan Stanić Military Medical Academy
  • Leposava Sekulović Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serba; Institute of Radiology, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Tijana Perić Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
Ključne reči: empyema, pleural||, ||empijem, animal experimentation||, ||životinje, zaštita, rabbits||, ||zečevi, pleural effusion||, ||pleura, izliv, bacteria||, ||bakterija,

Sažetak


Uvod/Cilj. Primena novih metoda lečenja u cilju sprečavanja razvoja fibrotoraksa, kao krajnje komplikacije empijema zahteva prethodno ispitivanje na eksperimentalnim životinjama. Cilj rada bio je standardizovanje postupaka za ustanovljavanje pouzdanog eksperimentalnog modela empijema kod kunića. Metode. U eksperimentu je korišćeno 15 činčila kunića mase od 2 300 do 2 800 g. Eksperimentalnu grupu činilo je 12 kunića, a kontrolnu tri. Prvog dana eksperimenta, u desni pleuralni prostor kunića iz eksperimentalne grupe stavljeno je 0,4–0,5 mL terpentina u cilju izazivanja sterilnog eksudativnog pleuritisa. Nakon 24 sata u pleuralni prostor stavljen je 1 mL Staphylococcus aureus-a i 1 mL Escherichia coli bakterija iste koncentracije (4,5 ´ 108 bakterija/mL). Torakocenteza je rađena 24, 48, 72 i 96 časova nakon primene bakterija radi dobijanja uzoraka pleuralne tečnosti. U ovim uzorcima određivane su vrednosti leukocita (Le), laktat dehidrogenaze (LDH), glukoze, pH u pluralnoj tečnosti i prisustvo bakterija. U toku eksperimenta životinje nisu dobijale antibiotik, a žrtvovane su sedam dana od primene bakterija letalnom dozom barbiturata iv. Patohistološki su pregledana sva pluća sa empijemom svih eksperimentalnih životinja, kao i pluća jedne kontrolne životinje. Rezultati. Kod četiri životinje dobijen je oskudan bistar sadržaj, ili sadržaja nije bilo prilikom punkcija 24 i 48 časova od primene bakterija. Kod preostalih 8 eksperimentalnih životinja srednja vrednost Le u izlivu 24 časa nakon primene bakterija bila je: 34,75 ± 6,13 ´ 109/L, LDH 17,000 ± 4,69 U/L, glukoze 1,23 ± 0,45 mmol/L, a pH 6,975 ± 0,15. Navedene vrednosti ispunjavaju kriterijume za proglašavanje izliva empijemskim ili kompleksnim, komplikovanim izlivom (LDH > 1 000 U/L, glukoza < 2,31 mmol/L i pH < 7,20). Bakteriološke kulture bile su pozitivne kod pet od osam prvih uzoraka, a nakon 48 časova samo kod dva uzorka pleuralnog izliva. Utvrđeno je postojanje pozitivne korelacije između broja leukocita i vrednosti LDH (r = 0,071, p < 0.001), a negativne korelacije između broja leukocita i vrednosti glukoze (r = 0,864, p < 0.001) i broja leukocita i vrednosti pH izliva (r = 0,894, p < 0.001). Vrednost glukoze nakon 48 sati (3,23 ± 0,44 mmol/L) i pH nakon 72 sata (7,22 ± 0,03), izašle su iz okvira empijemskih vrednsoti. Zaključak. Kreiranje eksperimentalnog modela empijema veoma je delikatan posao, sa neizvesnim uspehom. Dobar eksperimentalni model od suštinskog je značaja za proučavanje pleuralne patologije. U cilju što boljeg pleuralnog odgovora napravili smo model sa dve humane patogene bakterije. Dobili smo zadovoljavajuće rezultate, mada slabije od onih koji su objavljeni u literaturi.

Biografije autora

Vlado Cvijanović, Thoracic Surgery Clinic, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serba

Thoracic Surgery Clinic

Thoracic surgeon,colonel

Danilo Vojvodić, Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serba; Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
Institute for Medical Research, Profesor
Dragan Djurđević, Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serba; Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
Institute for Medicar Research, Colonel
Milena Jović, Institute for Pathology and Forensic Medicine,Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia

Institute for Pathology and Forensic Medicine

Biochemist

Vojkan Stanić, Military Medical Academy
Thoracic Suregery Clinic, Profesor
Tijana Perić, Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
Institute for Medical Research

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2015/04/23
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