Analiza uzimanja lekova bez recepta među studentima zdravstvene nege
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Uzimanje lekova bez recepta veoma je rašireno među odraslima i među studentima u Sloveniji. Cilj ove studije bio je da se prouči prevalencija uzimanja lekova bez recepta među studentima zdravstvene nege u odnosu na njihove sociodemografske karakteristike. Metode. Ova unakrsna studija obuhvatala ja ukupno 241 studenta medicinske nege sa Fakulteta medicinskih nauka u Ljubljani. Za potrebe ove studije sastavljen je upitnik. Statistička analiza podataka urađena je pomoću SPSS 20. Uradili smo deskriptivnu statistiku, t-test i izračunali koeficijent kontingencije. Statistička značajnost stavljena je na p-vrednost manju od 0,05. Rezultati. Studija pokazuje da je uzimanje lekova na recept značajno učestalije među ženama (p = 0.005) i među studentima koji su naveli da su lošijeg zdravlja (p = 0.008). Istovremeno, trećina ispitanika uzimala je jedan lek bez recepta tokom prethodnog meseca, a oni koji su pili nekoliko lekova na recept obično su uzimali po nekoliko lekova bez recepta (p = 0.027). Žene su uzimale lekove bez recepta za ublažavanje bola i groznice (p = 0.001), kao i gljivičnih infekcija (p < 0.000) mnogo češće nego muškarci. Veći broj ispitanika starijih od 21 godine (muškarci: p = 0.005; žene: p < 0.000), takođe, uzimali su lekove bez recepta protiv manjih psihičkih smetnji, dok su lekove bez recepta za lečenje kožnih oboljenja češće uzimali oni iz seoske sredine (p = 0.006). Zaključak. Među studentima zdravstvene nege postoji tendencija uzimanja lekova bez recepta za koje dobijaju uputstvo prilikom kupovine. Ovo ukazuje na potrebu odgovarajućeg promovisanja bezbednog uzimanja lekova u Sloveniji. Muškarci bolje procenjuju svoje sopstveno zdravlje nego žene koje, takođe, mnogo češće uzimaju lekove. Utvrđena je veza između lošeg zdravlja i veće incidencije uzimanja lekova bez recepta. Uzimanje lekova bez recepta protiv manjih psihičkih smetnji povećava se sa godinama i tipičnije je za ženski pol. Dobijeni rezultati ističu važnost lične kontrole bezbednog uzimanja lekova, brige o ličnom zdravlju i zdravom životu.
Reference
Bircher J. Towards a dynamic definition of health and disease. Med Health Care Philos 2005; 8(3): 335−41.
Indermitte J, Reber D, Beutler M, Bruppacher R, Hersberger KE. Prevalence and patient awareness of selected potential drug interactions with self-medication. J Clin Pharm Ther 2007; 32(2): 149−59.
Aronson JK. Over-the-counter medicines. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 58(3): 231−4.
Klemenc-Ketis Z, Hladnik Z, Kersnik J. Self-medication among healthcare and non-healthcare students at University of Ljubl-jana, Slovenia. Med Princ Pract 2010; 19(5): 395−401.
Smogavec M, Softič N, Kersnik J, Klemenc-Ketiš Z. An overview of self-treatment and selfmedication practices among Slovenian citizens. Slovenian Med J 2010; 79: 757−63.
James H, Handu SS, al Khaja KA, Otoom S, Sequeira RP. Evalua-tion of the knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication among first-year medical students. Med Princ Pract 2006; 15(4): 270−5.
Morris K. Issues and answers. Ohio Nurses Rev 2011; 86(3): 16−7.
Rolita L, Freedman M. Over-The-Counter Medication Use in Older Adults. J Geront Nurs 2008; 34(4): 8−17.
Hernandez LM. National Research Council. Standardizing medication labels: Confusing patients less. Workshop summary. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2008.
Figueiras A, Caamaño F, Gestal-Otero JJ. Sociodemographic fac-tors related to self-medication in Spain. Eur J Epidemiol 2000; 16(1): 19−26.
Clark D, Layton D, Shakir SA. Monitoring the safety of over-the-counter drugs. We need a better way than spontaneous reports. Br Med J 2001; 323(7315): 706−7.
Stjernberg L, Berglund J, Halling A. Age and gender effect on the use of herbal medicine products and food supplements among the elderly. Scand J PrimHealth Care 2006; 24(1): 50−5.
Egan B, Hodgkins C, Shepherd R, Timotijevic L, Raats M. An overview of consumer attitudes and beliefs about plant food supplements. Food Funct 2011; 2(12): 747−52.
Sleath B, Rubin RH, Campbell W, Gwyther L, Clark T. Physi-cian-patient communication about over-the-counter medica-tions. Soc Sci Med 2001; 53(3): 357−69.
NCIPE. A national survej of consumers and health profes-sionals. Attitudes and beliefs about the use of Over-the-Counter medicines: A dose of reality. 2002. [cited 2012 Nov 19]. Available from: http://www.bemedwise.org/survey/final_survey.pdf
Cuzzolin L, Benoni G. Safety of non-prescription medicines: knowledge and attitudes of Italian pharmacy customers. Pharm World Sci 2010; 32(1): 97−102.
Corrêa da Silva MG, Soares MC, Muccillo-Baisch AL. Self-medication in university students from the city of Rio Grande, Brazil. BMC Public Health 2012; 12: 339.
Novignon J, Mussa R, Msonda T, Nonvignon J. The use of non-prescription medicine versus self-assessed health: evidence from Malawi. Int Arch Med 2011; 4: 38.
Aljinović-Vucić V, Trkulja V, Lacković Z. Content of home pharmacies and self-medication practices in households of pharmacy and medical students in Zagreb, Croatia: findings in 2001 with a reference to 1977. Croat Med J 2005; 46(1): 74−80.
Valade D. Early treatment of acute migraine: new evidence of benefits. Cephalalgia 2009; 29(Suppl 3): 15−21.
Benrimoj SI, Gilbert AL, de Almeida Neto AC, Kelly F. National implementation of standards of practice for non-prescription medicines in Australia. Pharm World Sci 2009; 31(2): 230−7.
Rutter PM. Over-the-counter medicines: their place in self-care. Br J Nurs 2012; 21(13): 806−10.
Berry LL, Seiders K, Grewal D. Understanding service conven-ience. J Marketing 2002; 66(3): 1−17.
Shiffman S, Sweeney CT. Ten years after the Rx-to-OTC switch of nicotine replacement therapy: what have we learned about the benefits and risks of non-prescription availability. Health Policy 2008; 86(1): 17−26.
Wilcox MC, Cryer B, Triadafilopoulos G. Patterns of use and pub-lic perception of over-the-counter pain relievers: focus on nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. J Rheumatol 2005; 32(11): 2218−24.
Amoako EP, Richardson-Campbell L, Kennedy-Malone L. Self -medicationwith over-the-counter drugs among elderly adults. J Geront Nurs 2003; 29(8): 10−5.