Povezanost psihopatologije i rezilijentnosti sa zlostavljanjem u detinjstvu kod mladih upućenih na prvi psihijatrijski pregled

  • Milica Pejović Milovančević Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Lazar Tenjović Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Veronika Išpanović Faculty of Media and Communication, Department of Psychology, University Singidunum, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Marija Mitković Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Jelena Radosavljev Kirćanski Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Media and Communication, Department of Psychology, University Singidunum, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Teodora Minčić Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia;
  • Vladimir Miletić Association for Mental Health Promotion, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Saveta Draganić Gajić Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Dušica Lečić Toševski Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Institute of Mental Health, Belgrade, Serbia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/2359
Ključne reči: psychopathology||, ||psihopatologija, resilience, psychological||, ||rezilijentnost, psihološka, child abuse||, ||zlostavljanje dece, adolescent psyhiatry||, ||psihijatrija, adolescentna,

Sažetak


Uvod/Cilj. Zlostavljanje u detinjstvu može biti uzrok različitih psiholoških problema kod odraslih osoba. Malo se, međutim, zna o specifičnim kliničkim i porodičnim profilima, kao i karakteristikama rezilijentnosti adolescenata koji su doživeli zlostavljanje u detinjstvu. Cilj našeg rada bio je ispitivanje simptoma, porodičnog funkcionisanja i rezilijentnosti adolescenata sa iskustvom zlostavljanja u detinjstvu upućenih na psihijatrijski pregled. Metode. Uzorak se sastojao od 84 konsekutivno regrutovana mlada ispitanika (prosečne starosti 14,90 ± 3,10, u rasponu od 11 do 18 godina) upućena na prvi pregled u Kliniku za decu i omladinu Instituta za mentalno zdravlje u Beogradu, koji su na osnovu Matrice rizika za zlostavljanje i zanemarivanje dece bili podeljeni u dve grupe. Prvu grupu činili su adolescenti sa iskustvom zlostavljanja u detinjstvu (n = 38, 13 dečaka, 25 devojčica), a drugu, kontrolnu grupu, adolescenti bez iskustva zlostavljanja u detinjstvu (n = 47, 20 dečaka, 27 devojčica). U istraživanju su korišćeni sledeći upitnici: Upitnik za samoprocenu adolescenata (Youth Self-Report – YSR),  Skala adolescentnih rezilijentnih stavova (Adolescent Resilience Attitudes Scale – ARAS) i Upitnik za porodicu, (Self-Report Family Inventory – SFI). Rezultati. Značajne razlike pronađene su kod adolescentkinja. Na upitniku YSR, zlostavljane adolescentkinje imale su značajno više skorove delinkventnog ponašanja i marginalno veće skorove anksioznosti/depresivnosti i socijalnih problema. Analize upitnika SFI pokazale su značajno lošije funkcionisanje kod zlostavljanih adolescentkinja u svim podskalama osim na podskali direktivnog vođstva. Na upitniku ARAS, zlostavljane adolescentkinje imale su značajno niže skorove na podskali uvida i marginalno niže skorove na podskali za inicijativu. Zaključak. Navedeni rezultati mogli bi imati praktičnu primenu pri planiranju specifičnih preventivnih strategija i tretmana koji se posebno fokusiraju na delinkventne tendencije kao i na jačanje rezilijentnosti obezbeđivanjem pozitivnog okruženja u okviru porodice, škole i zajednice.

 

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Objavljeno
2015/04/23
Broj časopisa
Vol. 71 Br. 6 (2014)
Rubrika
Originalni članak