Efekti kombinovanog somatopedskog lečenja i radne terapije na motoričke sposobnosti gornjih ekstremiteta odraslih bolesnika sa hemiplegijom
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Moždani udar je najčešći pojedinačni uzrok teškog i višestrukog fizičkog invaliditeta, a rehabilitacija koja smanjuje funkcionalne deficite je najefikasnije lečenje. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi uticaj programa specijalne obuke dodate radnoj terapiji za motoričke sposobnosti gornjih ekstremiteta kod odraslih bolelsnika sa hemiplegijom nastalom posle moždanog udara. Metode. Na uzorku od 64 bolesnika, koji su bili u procesu rehabilitacije u Klinici za rehabilitaciju „Dr Miroslav Zotović“ u Beogradu, primenjeni su standardni somatopedski testovi za procenu motorike gornjih ekstremiteta: O`Connor, Ring i test snage stiska pesnice. Nakon procene, svi učesnici bili su uključeni u radnu terapiju i podeljeni u dve grupe po 32 ispitanika. Bolesnicima prve eksperimentalne grupe kao dopuna radnoj terapiji dodato je individualno dozirano somatopedsko lečenje u trajanju od najmanje 12 nedelja, dok su bolesnici iz druge eksperimentalne grupe bili uključeni samo u proces radne terapije bez somatopedskog lečenja. Na kraju istraživanja, isti testovi su korišćeni za ponovnu procenu nivoa motoričkih sposobnosti bolesnika iz obe grupe. Rezultati. Bolesnici iz eksperimentalne grupe koja je uz redovnu terapiju lečena i somatopedski pokazali su znatno bolje rezultate nakon primenjenog lečenja u svim ispitivanim varijablama – eksplozivna, statička i dinamička mišićna snaga stiska pesnice, kao i okulomotorna koordinacija na nivou lakta i ramena, kako za zdrav, tako i za paretičan ekstremitet. Zaključak. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, može se zaključiti da somatopedsko lečenje primenjeno uz radnu terapiju dovodi do poboljšanja motoričkih sposobnosti gornjih ekstremiteta i može biti dobar dodatak konvencionalnim metodama i tehnikama radne terapije.
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