Temperament, socijalna podrška i faktori stresa na poslu u predviđanju zadovoljstva životom i poslom kod lekara i psihologa

  • Biljana Jaredić Faculty of Philosophy, University of Priština/Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
  • Darko Hinić Faculty of Science & Faculty of Philology and Arts, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
  • Dragana Stanojević Faculty of Philosophy, University of Priština/Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
  • Snežana Zečević Faculty of Philosophy, University of Priština/Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
  • Dragana Ignjatović-Ristić Psychiatry Clinic, Faculty of Medicial Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP151020183J
Ključne reči: personality||, ||ličnost, workplace||, ||radno mesto, occupational exposure||, ||profesionalna izloženost, stress, phychological||, ||stres, psihički, medical staff||, ||lekari, psychology||, ||psihologija, questionnaires||, ||upitnici, job satisfaction||, ||posao, zadovoljstvo,

Sažetak


Uvod/Cilj. Afektivni temperament, društvena podrška i faktori stresa na poslu spadaju u grupu pokazatelja kojima se može predvideti zadovoljstvo životom i poslom. Osnovni cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita mogućnost predviđanja zadovoljstva životom i poslom lekara i psihologa, na osnovu afektivnog temperamenta, socijalne podrške i faktora stresa na poslu. Metode. Uzorak se sastojao od 203 ispitanika od kojih 28% muškaraca i 72% žena, lekara (61%) i psihologa (39%), 25–65 (39,08 ± 9,29) godina starosti, iz dva univerzitetska grada u Srbiji. Set upitnika uključivao je srpsku verziju Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego – autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A) skale, Subjective Life Satisfaction (SLS) skalu zadovoljstva životom, Job Satisfaction Surgery (JSS) upitnik zadovoljstva poslom, kraću verziju Interpersonal Social Support (ISL) skale socijalne podrške, i Source of stress at work Scale (IRSa), za procenu učestalosti stresora na radu. Rezultati. Prema postojećim normama naši ispitanici su zadovoljni svojim životima, ali značajno manje zadovoljni poslom, naročito platom i beneficijama, dok su najzadovoljniji prirodom posla i odnosima sa kolegama i nadređenima. Rezultati su pokazali da depresivne, hipertimne i donekle ciklotimne crte afektivnog temperamenta mogu značajno predviđati 21% varijanse zadovoljstva životom. Situacioni faktori, kao što su stresori na poslu i socijalna podrška, važni su za predviđanje zadovoljstva poslom (58% varijanse), bez značajanog doprinosa crta afektivnog temperamenta. Analizom nisu dobijene značajne razlike u nivou zadovoljstva životom i poslom u odnosu na pol, zanimanje i starost ispitanika. Zaključak. Crte afektivnog temperamenta mogu se smatrati prediktorima zadovoljstva životom, ali se moraju uzeti u obzir i aspekti šireg socijalnog okruženja i izvora stresa na radu, kako bi ovo predviđanje bilo potpunije. Buduća istraživanja trebalo bi da uzmu u obzir i druge pokazatelje zadovoljstva životom, kao što su zadovoljstvo porodicom i zdravljem, stresore van konteksta na radu i negativne aspekte brige o ljudima, na primer hiperaktivaciju.

Reference

Diener E, Scollon CN, Lucas R. The evolving concept of subjec-tive well-being: The multifaceted nature of happiness. In: Costa PT, Siegler IC, editors. Advances in cell aging and gerontology. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2004; 15: 187−220.

Spector PE. Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes and Consequences. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publica-tions; 1997.

Rode JC. Job satisfaction and life satisfaction revisited. A longi-tudinal test of an integrated model. Hum Relat 2004; 57(9): 1205−230.

Heller D, Judge TA, Watson D. The confounding role of person-ality and trait affectivity in the relationship between job and life satisfaction. J Organizat Behav 2002; 23(7): 815−35.

Sakai Y, Akiyama T, Miyake Y, Kawamura Y, Tsuda L, Kura-bayashi H, et al. Temperament and job stress in Japanese com-pany employees. J Affect Disord 2005; 85: 101−12.

Akiskal HS, Akiskal KK. In search of Aristotle: Temperament, human nature, melancholia, creativity and eminence. J Affect Disord 2007; 100(1−3): 1−6.

Akiskal HS. Toward a temperament-based approach to de-pression: Implications for neurobiologic research. Adv Bio-chem Psychopharmacol 1995; 49: 99−112.

Diener E, Suh E, Lucas R, Smith H. Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychol Bull 1999; 125(2): 276−302.

Fogle LM, Scott HE, Laughlin JE. The Relationship between Temperament and Life Satisfaction in Early Adolescence: Cognitive and Behavioral Mediation Models. J Happiness Stud 2002; 3(4): 373−92.

Tyssen R, Hem E, Gude T, Grønvold NT, Ekeberg O, Vaglum P. Lower life satisfaction in physicians compared with a general population sample : A 10-year longitudinal, nationwide study of course and predictors. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2009; 44(1): 47−54.

Watson D, Slack AK. General factors of affective temperament and their relation to job satisfaction over time. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process 1993; 54: 181−202.

Rovai L, Leonardi A, Bacciardi S, Maremmani AG, Rugani F, Osso L, et al. Discriminant and convergent validity of TEMPS-A[P]. Correlation with Occupational Personality Questionnaire (OPQ32) during a stressful situation. J Affect Disord 2013; 146(1): 142−5.

Judge TA, Bono JE, Locke EA. Personality and job satisfaction: The mediating role of job characteristics. J Appl Psychol 2000; 85(2): 237−49.

Morse G, Salyers MP, Rollins AL, Monroe-DeVita M, Pfahler C. Burnout in mental health services: A review of the problem and its remediation. Adm Policy Ment Health 2012; 39(5): 341−52.

Berland A, Natvig GK, Gundersen D. Patient safety and job-related stress: A focus group study. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2008; 24(2): 90−7.

Bergman B, Ahmad F, Stewart DE. Physician health, stress and gender at a university hospital. J Psychosom Res 2003; 54(2): 171−8.

Persaud R. Reducing the stress in medicine. Postgrad Med J 2002; 78(915): 1−3.

Argyle M, Lu L. Happiness and Social Skills. Pers Indiv Differ 1990; 11(12): 1255−61.

Ristić-Ignjatović D, Hinić D, Bessonov D, Akiskal SH, Akiskal KK, Ristić B. Towards validation of the short TEMPS-A in non-clinical adult population in Serbia. J Affect Disord 2014; 164: 43−9.

Akiskal HS, Mendlowicz MV, Jean-Louis G, Rapaport MH, Kelsoe JR, Gillin CJ, et al. TEMPS-A: Validation of a short version of a self-rated instrument designed to measure variations in tem-perament. J Affect Disord 2005; 85(1−2): 45−52.

Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsen RJ, Griffin S. The Satisfaction With Life Scale. J Pers Assess 1985; 49(1): 71−5.

Spector PE. Measurement of human service staff satisfaction: Development of the Job Satisfaction Survey. Am J Community Psychol 1985; 13(6): 693−713.

Mladenović B. Job satisfaction survey. 2013. [cited 2015 Oct 10]. Available from: http://shell.cas.usf.edu/~pspector/scales/jsstranslate.html (Serbian)

Jaredic B, Stanojevic D. SEL-40 & ISEL-12 item version. 2015 [cited 2015 Oct 10]. Available from: http://www.psy.cmu.edu/~scohen/scales.html. (Serbian)

Cohen S. Basic psychometrics for the ISEL-12. 2008. [cited 2015 Oct 10]. Available from: http://www.psy.cmu.edu/~scohen/scales.html

Cohen S, Memelstein R, Kamarck T, Hoberman H. Measuring the functional components of social support. In: Sarason IG, Sara-son B, editors. Social support: Theory, research and application. Hague: Martinus Nijhoff; 1985. p. 73−94.

Popov B, Popov S. Adverse working conditions, job insecurity and occupational stress: The role of (ir)rational beliefs. J Ra-tion Emot Cogn Behav Ther 2013; 31(1): 27−38.

Pavot W, Diener E. Review of the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Psychol Assess 1993; 5(2): 164−72.

Spector PE. Job satisfaction norms. 2011. [cited 2015 Oct 10]. Available from: http://shell.cas.usf.edu/~pspector/scales/jssnorms.html

Hinić D, Akiskal HS, Akiskal KK, Jović J, Ristić-Ignjatović D. Val-idation of the Temps-A in university student population in Serbia. J Affect Disord 2013; 149(1−3): 146−51.

Akiskal KK, Akiskal HS. The theoretical underpinnings of af-fective temperaments: Implications for evolutionary founda-tions of bipolar disorder and human nature. J Affect Disord 2005; 85(1−2): 231−9.

Cummins RA, Nistico H. Maintaining Life Satisfaction: The Role of Positive Cognitive Bias. J Happiness Stud 2002; 3(1): 37−69.

Karademas EC. Self-efficacy, social support and well-being: The mediating role of optimism. Pers Indiv Differ 2006; 40(6): 1281−90.

Bailey TC, Eng W, Frisch MB, Snyder CR. Hope and optimism as related to life satisfaction. J Posit Psych 2007; 2(3): 168−75.

Maser JD, Akiskal HS, Schettler P, Scheftner W, Mueller T, Endicott J, et al. Can temperament identify affectively ill patients who engage in lethal or near-lethal suicidal behavior? A 14-year prospective study. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2002; 32(1): 10−32.

Akiskal HS, Hantouche EG, Allilaire JF. Bipolar II with and without cyclothymic temperament: "dark" and "sunny" expres-sions of soft bipolarity. J Affect Disord 2003; 73(1−2): 49−57.

Bouchard TJ, Loehlin JC. Genes, evolution, and personality. Be-hav Genet 2001; 31(3): 243−73.

Lyubomirsky S. Why are some people happier than others? The role of cognitive and motivational processes in well-being. Am Psychol 2001; 56(3): 239−49.

Angeles L. Children and Life Satisfaction. J Happiness Stud 2010; 11(4): 523−38.

Melin R, Fugl-Meyer KS, Fugl-Meyer AR. Life satisfaction in 18- to 64-year-old Swedes: In relation to education, employment situation, health and physical activity. J Rehabil Med 2003; 35(2): 84−90.

Fernández-Ballesteros R, Zamarrón MD, Ruíz MA. The contribu-tion of socio-demographic and psychosocial factors to life satisfaction. Ageing Soc 2001; 21(1): 25−43.

Weinberg A, Creed F. Stress and psychiatric disorder in healthcare professionals and hospital staff. Lancet 2000; 355(9203): 533−7.

Olagnero M, Meo A, Corcoran MP. Social support networks in impoverished european neighbourhoods. Eur Soc 2005; 7(1): 53−79.

Brissette I, Cohen S, Seeman TE. Measuring Social Integration and Social Networks. In: Cohen S, Underwood L, Gottlieb B, editors. Support Measurements and Interventions: A Guide for Social and Health Scientists. New York: Oxford Press; 2000. p. 53−85.

Matheny KB, Curlette WL, Aysan F, Herrington A, Gfroerer CA, Thompson D, et al. Coping resources, perceived stress and life satisfaction among Turkish and American university students. Int J Stress Manag 2002; 9(2): 81−97.

McIntyre SE, McIntyre TM. Measuring job satisfaction in Portu-guese Health Professionals: Correlates and validation of the job descriptive index and the job in general scale. Int J Select Assess 2010; 18(4): 425−31.

Tanasijević Z. Job satisfaction: A key indicator of employee mo-tivation. Sociološka luča 2011; 5(1): 116−23.

Caplan RP. Stress, anxiety, and depression in hospital consult-ants, general practitioners, and senior health service managers. BMJ 1994; 309(6964): 1261−3.

Djordjević D, Petrović D, Vuković D, Mihailović D, Dimić A. Moti-vation and job satisfaction of health workers in a specialized health institution in Serbia. Vojnosanit Pregl 2015; 72(8): 714−21.

Reizer A, Hetsroni A. Does helping others impair caregiver's health? Associating caregiving, life satisfaction, and physical health. J Soc Behav Pers 2015; 43(2): 255−68.

Shaver PR, Mikulincer M, Shemesh-Iron M. A behavioral systems perspective on prosocial behavior. In: Mikulincer M, Shaver PR, editors. Prosocial motives, emotions, and behavior: the better angels of our nature. Washington, DC: American Psychologi-cal Association; 2010. p. 73−92.

Objavljeno
2017/06/21
Broj časopisa
Vol. 74 Br. 3 (2017)
Rubrika
Originalni članak