Kvalitet života u funkciji oralnog zdravlja beogradskih adolescenata
Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Adolescenti predstavljaju osetljiviji deo populacije u smislu sticanja znanja, navika i odnosa prema oralnom zdravlju. Stoga, cilj istraživanja je bio da se utvrdi povezanost stanja oralnog zdravlja, straha od stomatologa i ponašanja u vezi sa oralnim zdravljem i njegovog uticaja na kvalitet života. Merenje je izvršeno pomoću upitnika „Uticaj oralnog zdravlja na svakodnevne aktivnosti“ (OIDP). Metode. Studijom preseka bila su obuhvaćena 404 adolescenta uzrasta od 15 godina, odabrana metodom slučajnog uzorka iz srednjih škola sa područja Beograda. Adolescenti su anketirani pomoću srpskih verzija upitnika OIDP, upitnika Univerziteta Hirošima za procenu ponašanja u vezi sa oralnim zdravljem (HU-DBI) i modifikovane Korahove skale dentalne anksioznosti (MDAS). Tri prethodno obučena i standardizovana istraživača pregledala su ispitanike u učionicama kako bi utvrdili stanje njihovog oralnog zdravlja [indeks karijes, ekstrakcija, plomba (KEP) i prisustvo gingivitisa]. Rezultati. Najmanje jedan negativan uticaj na oralno zdravlje zabeležen je kod 49,50% adolescenata. Problemi u vezi sa oralnim zdravljem najčešće su ometali ishranu (26,73% adolescenata), pranje zuba (27,47%), san i odmor (16,83%). Kod adolescenata sa barem jednim negativnim uticajem oralnog zdravlja na svakodnevne aktivnosti, zabeležen je viši KEP indeks, češće krvarenje desni, upotreba tvrde četkice za zube, zabrinutost zbog boje zuba i odlazak kod stomatologa zbog simptoma, u poređenju sa ispitanicima kod kojih oralno zdravlje nije uticalo na kvalitet života. Logističkom regresijom utvrđeno je da dentalna anksioznost (MDAS skor), ponašanje u vezi sa oralnim zdravljem (HU-DBI skor) i zabrinutost zbog boje zuba značajno utiču na kvalitet života meren pomoću upitnika OIDP. Zaključak. Ponašanje adolescenata kada je u pitanju oralno zdravlje i strah od stomatologa utiču na njihov kvalitet života. Uvođenje javnozdravstvenih strategija za zaštitu adolescenata sa lošim oralnim zdravljem i lošim navikama mogao bi da unapredi njihov kvalitet života.
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