Faktori rizika od nastanka karijesa u ranom detinjstvu u autonomnoj pokrajini Vojvodini, Republika Srbija

Ivan F. Tušek; Jasmina Tušek; Snežana Ukropina

doi:10.2298/VSP151110246T

Ivan F. Tušek University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Dentistry of Vojvodina, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Novi Sad, Serbia
Jasmina Tušek Private Dental Practice “Palmadent”, Novi Sad, Serbia
Snežana Ukropina University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina, Centre for Health Promotion, Novi Sad, Serbia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP151110246T

Ključne reči: dental caries||, ||zub, karijes, prevalence||, ||prevalenca, risk factors||, ||faktori rizika, child, preschool||, ||deca, predškolska, parents||, ||roditelji, surveys and questionnaires||, ||ankete i upitinici, food habits||, ||ishrana, navike, oral hygiene||, ||usta, higijena,

Sažetak

Uvod/Cilj: Karijes u ranom detinjstvu (KRD) još uvek nije istražen u Vojvodini autonomnoj pokrajini Republike Srbije. Cilj našeg istraživanja bio je da se odredi prevalencija KRD kod predškolske dece i definišu faktori rizika koji utiču na rasprostranjenost ovog oboljenja. Metode. Istraživanje je sprovedeno kao analitička studija preseka kod predškolske dece u Vojvodini. Projektovan je sistematski uzorak, koji je obuhvatio roditelje i njihovu decu uzrasta od 13 do 71 mesec. Istraživanje je dizajnirano kao stomatološki pregled deteta, tokom kojeg je sproveden intervju sa roditeljima. Anketni upitnik sadržao je varijable: pol deteta, socioekonomski status porodice, nivo obrazovanja i zdravstvene obaveštenosti roditelja, oralni status roditelja i deteta, oralno-higijenske navike kod dece, način ishrane, učestalost konzumacije slatke hrane i upotreba medicinskih sirupa u toku ranog detinjstva. Statistička obrada podataka je sprovedena primenom statističkog paketa SPSS for Windows Microsoft Excel, verzija 21. Proveravana je značajnost utvrđenih razlika između frekvencija nezavisnih varijabli kod dece bez karijesa putem χ²testa, a jednosmerna analiza varijanse (ANOVA) korišćena je radi utvrđivanja značajnosti razlika parametrijskih obeležja (za oba testa nivo značajnosti p < 0,05 smatran je statistički značajnim). Proveravana je statistička značajnost razlika između proporcija različitih kategorija opisnih obeležja primenom neparametrijskog, univarijantnog testa (χ² test), a potom su putem multivarijantne logističke regresije generisani statistički modeli predikcije faktora koji mogu doprineti prevenciji KRD. Rezultati. Uzorak je obuhvatio 452 (52,44%) dečaka i 410 (47,56%) devojčica. Prevalencija KRD iznosila je 46,64%. Logističkim regresionim modelom neđeno je da su češće obolevala deca koja su uzimala slatkiše između obroka (OR = 181,16; 95%, CI = 84,29–389,34), koristila medicinske sirupe više od pet puta godišnje (OR = 8,08; 95% CI = 3,78–17,27), kao i deca roditelja lošeg oralnog statusa (OR = 3,09; 95% CI = 1,65–5,79) i niske zdravstvene obaveštenosti (OR = 217,57; 95% CI = 84,46–560,50). Zaključak. Ovom studijom je utvrđena povezanost ispitivanih faktora rizika i visoke prevalencije KRD kod predškolske dece u Vojvodini.

Biografija autora

Ivan F. Tušek, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Dentistry of Vojvodina, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Novi Sad, Serbia

Odeljenje za dečju i preventivnu stomatologiju, Klinike za stomatologiju Vojvodine, Medicinski fakultet u Novom sadu, Docent

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