Сајбер насиљe и аутистичке карактеристике међу запосленима у СТЕМ и другим професијама
Sažetak
Ова студија истражује однос између ангажовања у СТЕМ професијама (наука, технологија, инжењерство и математика), укључености у сајбер насиље и присуства аутистичких карактеристика код одраслих особа. У истраживању је учествовало 206 испитаника, подељених у две подгрупе: они који раде у СТЕМ професијама (44,7%) и они који нису запослени у СТЕМ областима (55,3%). Циљ је био да се испита да ли се појединци из СТЕМ области разликују од својих колега из других професија када је реч о искуствима са сајбер насиљем, како у улози жртве, тако и починиоца, као и у изражености аутистичких особина. За мерење аутистичких особина коришћена је Скала за мерење присуства аутистичких карактеристика, док је Скала сајбер насилника/жртве коришћена за процену укључености у сајбер насиље.
Резултати су показали да особе које раде у СТЕМ професијама у просеку имају више аутистичких карактеристика и чешће су и жртве и починиоци сајбер насиља, иако те разлике нису биле статистички значајне у свим поређењима. Разлике међу половима најизраженије су биле у групи испитаника који се не баве СТЕМ занимањима – мушкарци су чешће идентификовани као починиоци сајбер насиља, а жене као жртве. Насупрот томе, у СТЕМ групи разлике међу половима нису биле статистички значајне ни у погледу сајбер насиља, ни у погледу аутистичких особина. Када је реч о узрасту, највише случајева сајбер виктимизације пријавила је група од 25 до 39 година у подузорку оних који се не баве СТЕМ занимањима, што указује на то да сајбер насиље није ограничено само на адолесценте већ се наставља и у одраслом добу. Студија је такође открила малу, али статистички значајну позитивну корелацију између аутистичких особина и доживљене сајбер виктимизације, што указује на то да су особе са израженијим аутистичким карактеристикама донекле рањивије на сајбер насиље. Слично томе, позитивна корелација између вршења и доживљавања сајбер насиља сугерише циклични образац у којем починиоци често постају и жртве.
Налази овог истраживања делимично су у супротности са претходним истраживањима која углавном извештавају о већој подложности сајбер насиљу код особа у СТЕМ професијама и израженијим разликама међу половима у свим групама. Могући разлози за ове разлике укључују величину узорка и неравномерну расподелу демографских карактеристика попут пола и узраста. Истраживање истиче неколико ограничења, укључујући нерепрезентативан узорак и потребу за даљим студијама са већим и уравнотеженијим популацијама, посебно уз укључивање већег броја адолесцената, који се у литератури идентификују као најрањивија група када је реч о сајбер насиљу.
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